Maryland Historical Magazine Winter 1933

Edited by J. Hall Pleasakts, M. D.

Fu'blishecl 'by authority of the State

VOLUME L

Proceedings and Acts of the General Assembly
of Maryland, 1T52-1754.

The fiftieth volume of Maryland Archires, just off the press,
is a wortiiy companion to those which have preceded it. It is
the twenty-third volume of the sub-series dealing with Assembly
affairs and is a handsome quarto volume of six hundred and
sixty-two pages. As in other recent volumes of the work it is
prefaced with a scholarly resume of the contents, by the Editor.

The publication of the fiftieth volume of such a series is a
matter of more than passing interest and should be a subject of
gratulation to the citizens of the State at large, as it is an honor
to the Maryland Historical Society, which has every reason to
be proud of its stewardship of our State's invaluable archives.

BENEFACTORS AND CONTRIBUTORS TO THE FUNDS OF
THE SOCIETY

Mrs. Mary Washington Keyser, Gift of the BDildui|;8 «nd

grounds of the Society (1916).

George Peabody, Gift (1866) $20,000.00

J. Wilson Leakin, Bequest (1923), Historical relics and 10,000.00

Drayton Meade Hite, Gift (1919) 1,000.00

and Bequest (1923) 0,000.00

Mrs. Drayton Meade Hite, Bequest (1927) 4,000.00

Mendes Cohen, Bequest (1915) 5,000.00

Mrs. Caroline J. Lytle (1928) 6,000.00

Van Lear Black, Gift 1,500.00

Miss Eleanor S. Cohen, Gifts (1919), Historical relics and $300,

Memorial to her parents, Israel and Cecilia E. Cohen (1926) 1,000.00
Miss Susan Dobbin Leakin (1924), Preparation of J. Wilson

Leakin room and contribution to its contents.

Oharlefe Exley Calvert, Gift 1,150.00

Mrs. Thomas B. Gresham, Bequest (1926) 1,200.00

Isaac Henry Ford, Bequest (1916) 1,000.00

W. Hall Harris, Gift 1,000.00

Isaac F. Nicholson, Gift (1909) 1,000.00

Isaac Tyson Norris, Gift (1916) 1,000.00

J. Henry Sticlcney, Bequest (1892) 1,000.00

Mrs. Emilie McKim Reed, Bequest (1926) 1,000.00

Henry Stockbridge, Gift (1920) 1,000.00

DeCourcy W. Thorn, Gift 1,000.00

Mrs. DeCourcy W. Thorn, Gift 1,000.00

W. G. Baker, Gift 500.00

Mrs. W. Hall Harris, Gift 500.00

Adelaide S. Wilson, Gift 500,00

J. Appleton Wilson, Gift 500.00

William Power Wilson, Gift 500.00

Mrs. Rebecca Lanier King, Bequest (1928) 500.00

McHenry Howard, Gift 333.34

Charles McHenry Howard, Gift 333.33

Elizabeth Gray Howard, Gift 333.33

Simon Dalsheimer, Gift 300.00

Miles White, Jr., Gift 300.00

Miss Nellie WilliamB, Gift $ 200.00

Charles C. Homer, Jr., Gift 150.00

Raphael Semmes, Gifts 140.00

Mrs. George P. Libby, Gifts 125.00

Samuel M. Wilson, Gift 120.00

Louis H. Dielman, Gift 100.00

E. C. Hoffman, Gift 100.00

Henry P. Hynson, Gift 100.00

William Ingle, Gift 100.00

Mrs. Kebecca Littlejohn, Gift 100.00

John H. Morgan, Gift 100.00

Lawrence J. Morris, Life Membership 100.00

Mrs. Charlotte Oilman Paul, Gift 100.00

Mrs. Mary B. Redwood, Life Membership 100.00

Mrs. Mary Clough Cain, Life Membership 100.00

George Harvey Davis, Life Membership 100.00

Mrs. Ida M. Shirk, Life Membership 100.00

Mrs. Joseph Y. Jeanes, Life Monbership 100.00

Bernard C. Steiner, Gift 100.00

J. Alexis Shriver, Life Membership 100.00

Mr. Edmund Key, Life Membership 100.00

Edwin Warfield, Jr., Gift 75.00

Mrs. Emma U. Warfield, Gift 75.00

Blanchard Randall, Gift 43.42

Ferd. Bernheimer, Gift 30.00

Walter I. Dawkins, Gift 25.00

William J. Donnelly, Gift 25.00

A. E. Duncan, Gift 25.00

Mrs. E. Edmunds Foster, Gift 25.00

John W. Marshall, Gift 25.00

John Parker, Gift 25.00

Mrs. Joseph Y. Jeanes 25.00

Daniel Annan, Gift 20.00

C. C. Shriver, Gift 20.00

Mrs. Francis T. Redwood, Gift 16.00

Mrs. John H. Sherburne, Gift 10.00

Mrs. Annie Leakin Sioussat, Gift 10.00

Samuel Grafton Duvall, Gift 10.00

Mrs. V. E. Mohler, Gift 10.00

William B. Levy, Gift 5.00

Philip Francis Trippe, Gift 5.00

THE MARYLAND
HISTORICAL SOCIETY

INCORPORATED 1843.

H. Ibvini; Eetbeb MianmiAi. Bmumra,
201 W. MasvumT Stkeet,

OFFICERS.

President,
W. HALL HARRIS.

Vice-Pretidents

GEORGE L. RADCLIPFE, CLINTON L. RIGGS,

RICHARD M. DUVALL.

Corresponding Secretary, Recording Secretary,

J. HALL PLEASANTS. JAMES B. HANCOCK.

Treasurer,
HBYWARD E. BOYCB.

THE COUNCIL.

The G^tebal Officebb

aitd reesbsentarntes of stam)ikg comk ittssss :

G. CORNER FENHAGEN, Representing the Trustees of the Athenaeum.

J. HALL PLEASANTS, " Committee on Publication.

HENRY J. BERKLEY, M. D., " Committee on the Library.

WILLIAM INGLE, " Committee on Finance.

JAMES D. IGLEHART, " Committee on Membership.

LAURENCE H. FOWLER, " Committee on the Gallery.

J. ALEXIS SHRIVBR, " Committee on Addresses.

WILLIAM B. MARYE, " Committee on Genealogy.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

The English Beginnings of Maetland. By Mrs. Arthur B. Bibbitis, 283

DiSFRANcniSKMENT IN MARYLAND (1861-67). By William, A. Russ,

Jr., 309

Eablt Maryland Newspafiss. OompHed by George 0. Keidel,

Ph.D 328

Baltimore County Land Eecords of 1673. Oontributed by Louis

Dow Seisco, 345

Pboceedinob (xf the Sooiett 350

Notes, Reviews and Queries, 355

Oommittee on Publicationt

SAMUEL K. DENinS, Chairman.
JOHN M. VINCENT, J. HALL PLEASANTS.

LOUIS H. DIELMAN,
ESitor.

MARYLAND
HISTORICAL MAGAZINE

Vol. XXVIII. December, 1938. No. 4.

THE ENGLISH BEGINNINGS OF MAEYLAND.
Mrs. AsTHim Baknetsm) Bibbiits.

Three centuries have passed since the two sailing ships, the
Ark and the Dove, freighted with the destinies of Maryland,
left Cowes, on the Isle of Wight, England, Nov. 22, 1633.

After a tedious voyage of four months, hu^ing the coast of
Africa for safety, and then across to the friendly West Indies,
they sailed proudly through the Capes, and up the broad -waters
of the Chesapeake which had so delighted Sir George Calvert
five years before, and anchored safe from the Indians on St.
Clement's (now jBIackiston's) Island, in the Potomac. A few
days later, March 27, 1634, with boom of cannon, and colors
flying the company went ashore on the mainland. At what is
now St. Mary's City, they purchased the village-site of the
Yaocomicos and began the actual settlement of Maryland.

Does the story of Maryland begin with the coming ashore of
these colonists ? By no means.

Maryland's history is part of a much larger whole. It is not
solely a native American growth. It grew not up out of the
soil of Maryland alone, but was, first of all, the result of genera-
tions of English enterprise and civilization, projected into the
crude, new conditions of the American wilderness.

Sir George Calvert was a leading Englishman first, and
later the Founder of Maryland. He was part of the pulsating
era of Queen Elizabeth and James I, a chief actor of the time

283

284

MASTLAKD HISTOBICAL MAQAZINE.

of Kaleigh and Cecil, of Shakespeare and Bacon, a period
which was the inception of England's greatness as a nation.

The begianiags of Maryland more than of any other colony
were a direct reflection of English vicissitudes of Court, Church
and State. This was because Sir George Calvert was Secretary
of State to J ames I. at the strategic time when England was at
the parting of the ways between feudalism and liberalism,
between royal autocracy and democratie privily.

Maryland's proprietary rights were a counterpart of the
princely prerogatives of the Bishop of the palatinate of Dur-
ham, near neighbor to George Calvert's home in Yorkshire.
Toby Matthews, the Bishop's son, was one of his school-mates,
and whose home, the towering castle on the precipice above the
Eiver Weare, was the boy's first vision of pomp and power.

Maryland's constitutional privileges were a reflection of the
Stuart idea of the legitimate functions of sovereign and sub-
ject, the former to initiate, the latter to consent to laws so pro-
posed.

Sir George Calvert, friend and loyal supporter of monarchy,

sought to preserve intact in his charter the rights of sovereignty.

His son, Cecil Calvert, who lived through the compelling
lessons of the Declaration of Rights, the Civil War, and the
execution of Charles I., conceded by grant or judicious com-
promise, a broad-minded liberty, civil and religious, which made
Maryland unique among colonial people w'ho sought freedom in
America from political and ecclesiastical strife.

Maryland inherited the Stuart idea of government, but its
administration in hands far wiser than the Stuarts, preserved
for its proprietors their Province when the Stuart King Charles
I. lost both his throne and his head. Whence came the forces
that shaped the lives of its founders, and thus brought into
existence their colony in the New World ?

The age of Elizabeth and James I. had recently emerged out
of feudalisnv. The invention of gunpowder had taught its
leveling message.

Fortressed castles like " Old Wardour ", where Cecil Calvert
sought his bride. Lady Anne Arundell, were soon to find they

THE ENGLISH BEGITTNIirGS OF MAJtYLAND. 285

could no longer stand the onslaught of the new warfare. The
knight of chivalry, of sword and buckler was gone. His place
was taken by men of affairs, interested in adventure, in coloni-
zation, or in state-craft as advisers to the crown, as was Sir
Robert Cecil, friend of George Calvert, who was to succeed him
as Secretary of State.

The destructicsn of the old strongholds foretokened the down-
fall of their owners as a privileged class. The Civil War
hastened the end of the rule of the privileged few. It pulled
dovm the barriers between sovereign and subject, between class
and class, and opened an entraaee to d^ocratic right and
privilege. Men insisted on redress o£ gtiewsncm before ftmds
were granted for royal schemes.

While the old lines of cleavage were being wiped out, new
and sharp barriers were being set up in religious practice and
belief.

The Reformation under Henry VIII. who had thrown, off
the Papal yoke, left England in the throes of a mighty strug-
gle between the adherents of the new faith and the growing
opposition to Rome. Both felt it obligatory to root out heresy.
Many refused to observe Protestant forms and usages — of these
the " recusants " of Yorkshire were a conspicuous example,
and George Calvert's maternal kinsfolk, the Croslands and
Hawksworths, prominent families of Yorkshire, were among
the faithful.

When Elizabeth succeeded her stem sister Queen Mary, she

rejoiced her people by the espousal of Protestantism, and be-
came the uncompromising foe of Mary's husband, Philip of
Spain. He determined to reconquer England for the Pope, and
place Mary, Queen of Scots, on the throne. Elizabeth lived in
an atmosphere of threat and conspiracy which shadowed young
and old alike.

Two Gbeat Evewts isr Yottwo Calvbbt's Life.

As a pale-faced lad of six, George Calvert, son of Leonard
Calvert and Alice Crosland daughter of John Crosland of
Croslands, sat with bated breath in the quaint old manor house

286

MABYLAiro HISTOBIOAl, MAGAZIITE.

at Kiplin, Yorkshire, while his mother told of the fatal day in
1586 when Mary, the rash but resolute, laid her auburn head
upon the block at Fotheringay Castle, herself the victim of
Babington's Conspiracy to have her supplant Elizabeth, a plot
which for a time threatened though falsely to involve his own
grandfather, John Crosland of Croslands.

Scarce was this grim tragedy submerged when in 1588
Mary's avenger Philip of Spain bore down on England with
the 140 unwieldy " galleons " of the Spanish Armada, " fit for
a pageant, but not for a fight ", and united all England behind
their Queen. Spain was nearly bankrupt when her fleet set on
fire by i3ie swift English boats drifted to destruction, and the
rest were wrecked on the coast of Scotland. England succeeded
her as the world's leader in religious and maritime affairs.

"Now George Calvert the boy of eight thrilled anew as he
heard of the Spanish hulks wrecked on the Yorkshire coast,
and yearned to outstrip Sir Francis Drake in his service to
England.

Geoege Calveet's Ancestet.

The Oalverts had come to Yorkshire from Flanders, of an
" auncient familie and estate ", which to-day numbers a
thousand acres around Kiplin on the left bank of the Swale.
They previously had a seat at Danby Wiske, and Lazenby
Hall, Yorkshire. Leonard Calvert's lands already yielded such
fiine returns from the wool-raising industry which the thr,ifty
Flemings had introduced into England that his son George was
soon to be sent down to Trinity College, Oxford, where Sir
Walter Ealeigh's exploits in America were on every tongue.

To reach Kiplin to-day, one must leave the main road from
York to Durham, and journey westward by rail to Scorton
Station.

A short drive will bring us to Scorton itself, a quaint old-
world village, clustered round the village green, the chief orna-
ments of which are the vine-clad vicarage, the " Shoulder of
Mutton Inn ", and. the Library erected by the lord of the
Manor.

THE ENGLISH BEGINNINGS OB" MABYLAND. 287

Two miles farther and we reach the Manor of Kiplin where
George Calvert was born in 1580, no doubt in the old manor-
house which preceded the present one.

Our discovery on investigation that the existing manor-house
was the actual house built by Calvert in 1622, at the height of
his official life was a great satisfaction to us, as all authorities
we had read had simply stated that " he was born at Kiplin,"
easily confused with the hamlet of Kiplin, with no allusion to
the family as landed proprietors, or to this stately house as his
home when he planned the province of Maryland/

In the York Kegistry 1534-1556 we discovered numerous
wills spelt variously, Calvard, Calverte and Calvert, all of
" Oulcotes, parish Arneclif." The earliest was of William
Calvert, Feb. 9, 1542, while that of most interest was of John
Calvert of Oulcotes, May 9, 1566, who mentions his sons
" Leonard, John and William very probably George Cal-
vert's grandfather, whose name was John.

Calvebt's Motheb Adhebbs to the Old Faith,

While comparatively little is known of Leonard Calvert's

ancestry or religious connections, much of new interest became
available in this region regarding his mother's background, and
loyalty to the old faith indicating the home influences which
eventually brought her son back to the church of his early

training.

The Croslands were people of importance among Yorkshire
gentry. They bore a coat of arms of which the chief emblem —
the cross, indicating their Cmsade lineage — is conspicuous in
the Maryland seal and flag, a blend of the Calvert and Crosland
arms.

The mother of Alice or Alicia Crosland of Croslands near

^ These rare photographs of the still existing connecting-links between
early Maryland and England were secured by the author, Mrs. Bibbins, when
in England, and their publication here has been made possible by the
courtesy and co-operation of the Maryland Tercentenary Commission. Copy-
right applied for.

288

MAKYLAND HISTOBICAL MAQAZINE.

Almondbury was a daughter of Hawksworth of Hawks-
worth, head of another prominent Yorkshire family, some of
whom were of the proscribed faith.

These shaping influences which early surrounded young
Calvert became apparent as soon as we stopped beyond Scorton
at the ancient church of St. Mary's, Bolton-on-Swale, in the
village of Kiplin. Although the Calverts were lords of the
manor for more than a century, " there are no family records in
the old register ", because as the vicar Kev. Dacre Malinder ex-
plained " the family was of the Catholic faith ".

It is interesting to note of this ancient church that Bulmer's
History of !N"orth Yorkshire states it was in 1604 that George
Calvert's mother who " was devotedly attached to the old faith,
refused to comply with the law, and receive the sacrament at
Easter in the church at Bolton."

In the list of " Eecusants and Non-Communicants in York-
shire in 1604," in Peacock's " Yorkshire Catholics ", p. 69,
(transcribed from the Eawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian

Library, Oxford), is this entry—" Bolton parishe: wife

of Leonard Calvert of Kipling, non-communicant at Easter
last ".

As the fine for absence from communion in the parish church
in those critical times was sometimes twenty pounds, the test
of fidelity was a seyere one. One does not wonder that with this
evidence of his mother's liability to penalty and persecution,
George Calvert became an advocate of tolerance and religious
freedom, and was resolved to provide a refuge and haven for
his friends in the new world.

As his parents with much foresight had sent him at the early
age of 14 to Oxford University, he arrived at the flood-tide of
colonial enterprise which was to center his reflecting mind later
on in a solution of some of England's problems in scenes far
aloof from European penalties and handicaps.

His rapid advancement is chronicled by Anthony Wood in
the quaint lines in " Athenae Oxonienses ", which record his
noteworthy progress.

THE BsraLisH BEsmiriiffltg om mabtland. 289

Calvebt's Kecoed at Oxfoed.

" George Calvert, son of Leonard Calvert by Alice his wife,
Daugh. of John Crosland of Crosland, was born 1580 at Kiplin
in the Chappelry of Bolton in Yorksh. (at which place he be-
stowed much Money in building in the latter end of the Eeign
of K. James I.)

He became a Commoner at Trinity College in Lent Term,
1593-4, and in the year of his age 15, took one degree in Arts
in 1597, and then travelled beyond the Sea. On his return he
was made Secretary to Sir Rob. Cecill one of the prime Secre-
taries of State, being then esteemed a forward and knowing
person in matters relating to the State. When Sir Robert was
advanced to higher offices, he retained him for several years for
his prudence and faithfulness in many weighty Matters."

And then he adds in admiration at his rapid promotion.

" In 1606 he was actually created Mayster of Arts when
James I. was entertak^d by the University."

On this extraordinary occasion of much magnificence, James

entered Oxford on horseback surrounded by an imposing
cavalcade of nobles and courtiers and was received like Eliza-
beth with costly banquets and pompous disputations which
delighted his pedantic self-complacency.

The Duke of Lennox, the Earl of Oxford and Northumber-
land and Sir Robert Cecil also received the Master's degree as
well as Calvert, then an untitled commoner. He was at this time
twenty-five years of age and recently married (Nov. 22, 1604,
to Anne Mynne, dau. of George Mynne, of an ancient family
of Bexley, Kent, his son Cecil who was named for his patron
being bom about March 1, 1606).

Anthony Wood continues his chronicle:

" Afterwards, By the endeavors of Sir Robert Cecill, he was
made one of the Clerks of the Council and in 1617 received
the honour of Knighthood from his Majesty at Hampton Court.
In 1618 ^ he was made Secretary of State to his Majesty,
who as before had used his help in many matters of moment,
so did he oftener afterwards to his great benefit and advantage.
In 1620 the King gave him a yearly pension of a thousand

' At Cecil's death.

290 MABTIAND HISTOBICAL HA&AZINB.

pounds from the Customs, and on the 16th of Feb. 1624 he
was by the name of Sir George Calvert of Danby Wiske, York-
shire, Knight, created Baron of Baltimore, of the County of
Longford in Ireland, being then a Roman Catholic, or at least
very much addicted to their religion.

As for his adventuring into America as absolute Lord of
Avalon in the New-found-land, and taking possession of a
peninsula between the Ocean on the East, and the Bay of
Chesapeake on the West, afterwards called by him Mary-land,
let the histories of Travelers tell you."

Calvbht's Eablt Intbbbst is Colonization.

No doubt Calvert's first interest in colonization was deeply
stirred at Oxford. Sir Walter Ealeigh one of the most brilliant
men in the world's annals had left Oriel College to confer upon
his discovery in the New World the name " Virginia " in honor
of his royal patroness, the virgin Queen Elizabeth. The dis-
appearance of his first colonists in the woods of America had
thrilled England into repeated efforts to trace their end.
Ealeigh's friend, Richard Hakluyt of Oxford, the great his-
torian of English discovery, had stirred tremendous interest by
his great folios " Hakluyt's Voyages ".

It was Calvert's Oxford training with his intimate knowledge
of the successes and failures of the first colonial attempts, which
enabled him and his son to make of Maryland the " first
American Colony which was a success from the beginning ".
He became a member of the Virginia Company in 1609, and
later one of the councillors for New England.

No surer road to fortune could befall him than to enter
Cecil's service at the height of his power as James's trusted
administrator of the nation's destinies. England's policy was
now in safe hands. Cecil knew how to avoid entangling alli-
ances with foreign powers, and to steer at home the resolute
forces checked by Elizabeth's Tudor diplomacy, but now ready
to vent themselves upon the slobbering son of Mary, Queen of
Scots.

Her thrift had barely made ends meet in this era when the
influx of Spanish gold from the New World had materially

THE ENGLISH BEGINNINGS OF MAEYLAND.

291

raised prices. When James made pedantic efforts to enforce
what he called his " divine right " to privileges the Commons
deemed their own, a clash of interests was bound to ensue.

James who wore his doublet quilted from fear, and averted
his head from the sword when he dubbed a knight, amused his
new subjects.

His pretended learning led Hrairy IV. of France to term
him " the wisest fool in Christendom ". He could not apply
his theories to existing facts.

James had a pet theory as to the " Divine Right of Kings
the monarch's freedom from control by law, or by anything but
his own royal will.

He founded his blunder on the old Tudor idea of " absolute
monarchy", or freedom from Papal interference. But James
declared the King was above law by his absolute power. " If
it is blasphemy to dispute what God can do, it is high contempt
for a subject to dispute what a King can do," was his dictum.

The Stuart kings were in a measure victims of circumstance.
They inherited mistaken notions of Tudor tyranny and auto-
cracy which in their time and grasp were impossible to enforce.

England as a nation had awakened. The Eef ormation, the
Renaissance had developed a new Englishman, patriot to the
core, but aroused to a keen sense of his own powers and rights
as an individual. The old order had passed. England knew now
the vast difference between royal prerogative and democratic
right.

James would not learn the lesson of the times. He asked for
money. The Commons presented " grievances ", and insisted
on new privileges.

Parliament offered " the Great Contract " a revenue of
£200,000 yearly to the King, if he would surrender certain
oppressive feudal rights, but they would denounce the royal
" impositions." The King said the revenue was too little and
dissolved them a second time in disgust.

George Calvert was a member of this Parliament. For seven
long years James raised money by forced loans, or the shame-

292

MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

less sale of peerages. TTnfortunately, tte great Secretary, Cecil,
had died, and Calvert had succeeded him without his astute
experi^ce.

The Spanish Match Leads to Calvert's Undoing.

James now proceeded to undo all that the struggle of Eliza-
beth and the wreck of the Armada had done for England. He
turned to his fixed dream for years — ^the marrying of Prince
Charles to the Spanish Infanta, whose vast dowry of two
million crowns revealed the extent of Spanish spoils from the
New World. " If I cannot get money from Parliament, I will
get it from the King of Spain " he gloated, in order to scourge
the people by turning their weapon upon themselves, but he
found it later a two-edged sword.

He became his own Prime Minister, gave control to such
wily adventurers as the Duke of Buckingham, whose nod made
the highest noble quail.

Spain dangled the bait — the marriage, before the reckless
eyes of the King. His allies implored against it. Parliament
protested. " Its duty was to give money, not advice to the
royal family ", they were told. Others backed a plan they
hoped might entangle him in a war with Spain.

Kaleigh was released from the Tower (kept there on a false
charge), and sent to Guiana to discover a gold mine. Faithless
James let him depart, but warned Spain, who drove him back
to his ship as he landed. He tried to seize the Spanish treasure
ships but failed. He returned, broken-hearted. His death on
the scaffold appeased Spain, but deprived England of the
" greatest Englishman of them all who first saw her triimiph
at sea and in America ".

Raleigh's maps, and papers in the Tower were delivered to
Sir George Calvert, which keenly increased his aroused interest
in the New World.

J ames despite popular displeasure at Raleigh's death, pursued
his scheme. The Ccsnmons impeached Sir Francis Bacon, Lord

THE BN&LISU BBGllirNIir»S OP MAETLAND. 293

Venilam, Lord High Chancellor, and friend, of Calvert," for
bribery, and then demanded war with Spain, and a Protestant
marriage for Prince Charles. J ames in a frenzy at their daring
cried " Bring stools for the Ambassadors and threatened
them with the Tower.

The Kutg's Bepbbbbntative in Pahliambkt.

The King then sent a letter to the Commons by Sir George
Calvert, his official spokesman. Its burning words must have
seared like a hot iron.

This ominous letter which we found after much search in
the archives of the British Museum reveals the perilous part
Calvert was forced to enact, «3 the agent of the King at thia
critical time.

" His Maties Ire to Sir George Calvert, the same by him to
the Commons House of Parliament, as making cleare his
Maties meaning touching some poynts in his aforesaid answer
concerning the liberties & privileges of that house, and the
titles and rights that House hath to them.

Eight Trustie & well beloved Couasillor, We greet you well.

We are sorry to learn that notwithstanding our reiterated mes-
sages to our House of Commons for going on in their businesses
in regard of the shortnesse of tyme betwixt this & Christmas, &
of their earnest desyre that wc should now conclude a session by
making of good and profitable Lawes, yet they continue to
loose tyme. . . . Whereas we told them in our said answer that
we could not allow of the Style calling it their auncient & un-
doubted right & inheritance, but that they shld say their
privileges were derived from the grace and permission of our
ancestors and Us. For the most of them grew from precidents,
which shows rather a toleration tlmn Inheritance.

The playne truth is that We cannot with patience endure our
subjects to use such antimonarchiall words to us concerning
their liberties except they had subjoyned that they were granted
unto them by the grace and favor of our predecessors. . . .

Let them go on cheerfully . . . rejecting wrangling upon words

" One of the best portraits of Calvert extant, by Mytens, long remained
the possesMon al Baeon% 4ese«rida«t, Lori Varaitm.

294

MAETLAND HISTOKtCAI. HAGAZINE.

& Billables, otherwyse (which God forbid) the world shall see
. . . and know the many curious shifts to frustraXe us of a good
purpose . . . whereof when the country shall come to be truly
enformed they will give the authors thereof little thanks.

Koyston, 16 Dec. 1621

To our right Trusty & well beloved Counsillor Sr. G. Calvert,
Ent, one of our principal Secretaries."

Calvert found it a thankless task indeed, to stem the rising
tide of indignation at the King's resistance. He could not
forsee the constitutional monarchy of the future, controlled by
a Parliament representing the will of the people. The assaults
on royal prerogative must have betokened to him a carnival of
misrule and revolution such as France endured a century later.
Calvert's chief antagonist in the Commons and the Virginia
Company was Sir Edwin Sandys whose advanced ideas were a
perpetual terror to the King. Calvert was ordered to keep
him in restraint, and to explain as best he could the absence of
this great parliamentary leader.

J ames hated Sir Edwin so bitterly that he sent the Virginia
Company about to elect a governor, the well known message
" Choose the devil, if you will, but not Sir Edwin Sandys " !
Sandys was chosen for deputy governor, and soon after im-
prisoned. Parliament deemed this " a crying grievance ". Its
temper was heard in the answer it returned to Calvert's letter.

It resolved " That the liberties, franchises, and jurisdiction
of Parliament are the ancient and undoubted birthright and
inheritance of the subjects of England, and that the defence of
the Realm & redress of grievances are proper subjects of debate
in Parliament . . . and that every member of the House ought
to have freedom of speech to treat the same. . . .

The king met this protest with a " characteristic outrage."
He sent for the Journals of the House, and tore out the ob-
noxious pages with his own hands, crying passionately " I will
govern according to the common weal, but not according to the
common will ", — and thereupon, he dissolved Parliament, once
more. But the victory of the Ccmmons was complete.

THE SNQLISH BBGIITNING® OF UAMXLAm). 295

Pabliambnt Supbbmb — The King Defeated.

Every power it claimed it had secured, free speech, the right
of taxation, of impeachment, against monopolies, all came into
its keeping. Parliament and not the King had become the sov-
ereign power. James, blind to the inevitable, still clung to his
Spanish dream. " Baby Charles " as James called him became
precipitate. At Buckingham's instigation the impetuous pair
set off for Madrid in disguise, thinking their presence would
secure the promised bride. They threw the Spanish Court, and
the Infanta alike into consternation. On the way they stopped
in Paris where Charles saw the young Princess Henrietta Maria,
daughter of Henry IV, his future Queen, after whom Maryland
was later named by Charles " Terra Mariae Land of Mary.
As ake was but a child of 13 then, he paid little attention to her.

Secretary Calvert writes the King March 31, 1623 that he
" has just received a packet from Spain, detailing the reception
of the Prince ", and asks " if bonfires shall now be ordered ".
James replies he is to " thank the King of Spain for the honour-
able entertainment given the Prince. Bonfires are to be made
in London".

Spain played fast and loose with the Prince. It demanded
a Catholic education for the Prince's children, and that the
English laws against Catholics be relaxed. Even then they with-
held the bride, they did not torus* Charles's promises.

Calveet Eesigns, Retuens to Kiplin.

The Prince enraged at his failure hastened back to England
eager to vent his wrath upon Spain. A great burst of national
joy greeted him. Charles forced James to summons Parliament,
and urged supplies for a rupture with Spain. The laws against
Catholics were renewed with vigor.

During James's intrigues with Spain, many courtiers had
declared their adherence to the old faith, among them Secretary
Calvert, whose mother was a Catholic.

296 . MASXLAKD HISTOBIGAXi MASAZITS-E.

He had staked his hopes for England upon the King's plans,
but he now scrupled to break a treaty oath and plunge his
country into war to gratify the wounded vanity of Charles and
the Duke. To humiliate him the Duke had business diverted
from his office. Sick at heart at a King's service where faith-
fulness was rewarded by the imworthy caprice of a degraded
favorite, he disposed of his office to Sir Albert Morton for
£6000 and resigned Feb. 1625. Though the King professed a
particular affection for him because of his great abilities and
integrity and created him Lord Baltimore of Baltimore in Ire-
land, he wished to retire to the stately home designed by Inigo
Jones he had recently built in Yorkshire, and prepare for his
new world adventure.

With Sir Toby Matthews, his boyhood friend, now a Catholic
though son of the Bishop of Durham, he left London, faithful
and unscathed in a period which had tried men's souls. It had
victimized Raleigh, impeached Bacon, and was soon to execute
Strafford, Calvert had followed his convictions at the cost of
place and power. It is the high startdsrd of a loyal courtier by
which he shoiJd be judged.

Wow for respite he refreshed his soul in the beautiful en-
virons of Kiplin, his grief stirred anew by the recent loss of
Lady Anne who had planned with him this stately home for
their posterity, and then been called away from their hopeful
brood of ten children by the birth of the youngest son, John.
Their names and the family record of five sons and five daugh-
ters are given in imposing style in lie " emblazoned pedigree "
beside the choice marble altar-^ure which represents their
mother on her tomb in the church at Hertingfordbury, Herts.
It was soon after the death of his wife, who was of the
Ei^lish church, that he returned to the faith of his mother.

KiPLIir, A CoiTTEIBUTIOir TO AeCHITBCTUEAL FaOOBiESS.

Kiplin, as it was erected in 1622 was a very notable contri-
bution to the changing domestic architecture of the period.
Designed by the Surveyor of Public Works to James I for his
chief Secretary of State, Sir George Calvert, the architect (the

THE ENQUSH BEGINNINGS OT MABTLAND.

297

reviver of classical architecture), Sir Inigo Jones has empha-
sized its transition from the era of the mediaeval fortress to
more modern needs by changing its grim towers once used for
lookout posts and battlements into great four-square chimneys
which at once suggest the new comfort and luxury of the Stuart
period. This was later enhanced by the addition of a library
wing by a recent owner, the late Admiral Walter Cecil
Carpenter.

The time-mellowed seventeenth century bricks bespeak the
recent change from stone to brick, while the muUioned windows
tell of the new use of glass imtead of wicker and lattice. The
walls were hung with tapestries and arras work.

Outside the ancient yellow yew-hedge, the lime, linden, oak
and thome trees, the stone-pillared gateway and the antique
wall testify no less to its great age, as well as to its remarkable
preservation as birthplace of three-century old Maryland. No
other State probably possesses such a unique connecting-Hnk
with its own historic past.

On the walls to-day are portraits of the Talbots * who inter-
married with the Calverts, one of the Earl of Tyrconnell, and
one of King Charles II, who it is said was grand-father to Lady
Charlotte Lee, wife of Benedict Leonard Calvert, 4th Lord
Baltimore.

Kiplin remained in the immediate family of the Calverts
until 1713 when it was purchased by Christopher Crowe, who
later married Lady Charlotte, widow of the 4th Lord Baltimore.
His great-great-grand-daughter, Sarah, who inherited the estate,
married John Delaval Carpenter, the 4th Earl of Tyrconnell,
and upon his death without heirs, the property was bequeathed
to the Earl's cousin, the Hon. Walter Cecil Talbot, Second son
of the Earl of Shrewisbury, who in 1868, assumed the name and
arms of Carpenter and was known as Admiral, the Hon. Walter
Cecil Carpenter so that the estate for two centuries owned by
the Calverts has since been own«d by those intimately connected
with the same background.

* Oraee, a dat^jbter of George, mmiiei. Mr I^>fcert Talbot.

298

MASTLAHD HI«TOBIOAI. HiL&AZINSi.

It was after several years stay amid the choice environment
of Kiplin, during which he married again that Calvert turned
his mind to visit his colony at Avalon in Newfoundland in 1627,
as he wrote the Earl of Wentworth : " I must either go and
settle it in order, or . . . lose all the charges for these six years
by-past ".

He built an imposing mansion, equipped it finely, at an out-
lay of £30,000 then found the rigors of the climate " had made
his house a hospital, of 100 persons 50 sick at a time and nine
or ten of them dyed ", so he writes King Charles pathetically,
Aug. 19, 1629 :

" JSTot knowing better how to employ the poore remainder of
my days," he adds " I will remove with forty persons to Vir-
ginia, if your Majesty will grant me a precinct of land with
such privileges as the king, your father, my gracious master,
was pleased to grant me here I shall endeavor to deserve it, and
pray for your Majesty's long and happy reign ".

What were these privileges, and whence had they come, which
Lord Baltimore wished to transfer from his charter of Avalon
to Maryland ?

They were the princely powers of the Palatinate of Durham,

which adjoined Calvert's Yorkshire home upon the north, and
were intimately known by him for their value and extent.

Dueham's Peinoblt Powees Oonfeebbd on Oaltbet.

William the Conqueror built Durham Castle in 1072,

Half Church of God,

Half fortress 'gainst the Scot,

to guard the Cathedral and monastery, and gave the Bishop of
Durham powers almost equal to those of the King, to protect
England from the ravages of the warlike Scots on its northern
border.

These special powers were both civil and military. Because
of the Bishop's remoteness from the courts at London, he could
erect courts, prmieh raiminalB, Bad furnish speedy justice, and

THE ENGLISH BEGINNINGS OF MAEYLAND. 299

in case of invasion, he could summon forces, make war and
repel attack. Lord Baltimore desired just such powers for his
wilderness kingdom of Maryland, and moreover, he added in
his Maryland charter " as great as had been enjoyed by any
Bishop of Durham ", and so obtained for himself powers
" greater than any ever conferred on a subject by any sovereign
of England

He was given permission but not compelled to have churoheB
consecrated according to the laws of England.

He had power to enact laws with the assent of the freemen
of the province. Thus the enacting power was not with the
Assembly but with the Proprietary — a relic of Stuart autocracy,
but the people soon claimed the right to propose or originate
legislation, and after a threatened deadlock, his successor, Cecil,
wisely surrendered his charter right to initiate laws.

Calvert's court experience had taught him to protect his
colonists from royal exactions such as Virginia had suffered.
The power of the Crown to impose any customs or taxation was
distinctly renounced. The colonists were to have all the rights
and liberties of Englishmen, and Lord Baltimore the most
favorable construction possible as to the interpretation of his
charter. King Charles may have deemed special favor was
due Calvert for the disappointment and retribution he had
caused him over the Spanish match.

At all events all these charter rights were bestowed on this
determined colony-planter on condition that he render the King
at Windsor Castle the insignificant tribute of two Indian
arrows annually, in token of fealty, and one-fifth of the native
gold and silver found in Maryland, which never materialized.
He, moreover, held Maryland by free and common soccage in-
stead of by knights' service as with Avalon.

Sir George Calvert " probably drafted with his own hand —
the hand of an experienced and accomplished man of the
court ", the charter of Maryland, ae he had previously done that
of Avalon.

"The ambiguous passages in the Maryland charter which

300

MAEYX,AITD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

have been accounted evidence of design to make way for tolera-
tion or even possible dominance of Catholicism had appeared
already in the charter of Avalon. Was it intended to supply a
refuge for Englishmen of Catholic faith ? The question is not
easily answered." The great cost of the enterprise, £30,000,
suggests that others must have been associated with him.

If the Maryland Charter has appeared to some " a master-
piece of dexterous ambiguity ", it must be conceded Calvert had
to secure what he could in the only way the laws of England then
permitted.

The times were exigent. If the colony were intended to be a
refuge for such recusants as his mother, other kinsfolk, and
leading Catholics, toleration and protection were the best he
could obtain for his co-religionists, and this only by granting
the same to Protestants.

In the meantime an even greater crisis to English civil liber-
ties had arisen.

When Charles I. succeeded his father, the stru^le between
the King and Parliament waxed more intense than over.
Charles' obstinate defiance of Parliament from 1625 to 1629
threatened the suspension of all Parliamentary institutions in
England. The bitter religious bigotry of Archbishop Laud per-
secuted Puritan and Roman Catholic alike, and the only refuge
of tormented Englishmen seemed in flight.

While the Puritans sought refuge in New England, the even
more cruel laws against Catholics caused Hiem to make renewed
effort for a sanctuary of safety.

In 1628 the epoch-making Petition of Right was passed
affirming the claims of the Great Charter, and the determina-
tion of all Englishmen, Protestant and Catholic alike, to stand
for the preservation of English liberties.

Since the rigors of the climate of Newfoundland had obliged
Calvert in -the fall of 1629 to sail with his colony to Virginia
where his foes, the friends of Sir Edwin Sandys, forced upon
him the oath of supremacy (to acknowledge the king as the
rightful head of the Church in England), he protested this

THE BWSLISH: BBGINKHTSB of MJiXYIjAm>. 301

indignity, and explored with eager eye the goodly shores and
teeming waters of the Chesapeake.

Leaving his wife, Lady Joan, and children at Jamestown, he
went back to England, ill, discouraged, and " much decayed in
strength but still consumed with the purpose of establishing a
colony which should prove a heritage for his family and a
refuge for persecuted Englishmen, especially Catholics. Now
began a concerted effort to provide with the aid of prominent
English Catholics a place of security.

On Feb. 10, 1630, Sir George Calvert with Thomas Howard,
Earl of Arundell, applied to the Attorney General for land
south of the James. Because of his opposition to the King's
exactions, Arundell was committed to the Tower, and died in
November, 1630.

Calvert was now assisted by Father Richard Blount, Provin-
cial of the English Province, Society of Jesus, who sent Fathers
White and Altham with Calvert to further the settlement
secui'ed north of the Potomac.

Calvert obtained the grant of Maryland in his name alone by
a charter very similar to Avalon, but died exhausted by his
labors and was buried April 15, 1632, in St. Dunstan's-in-the-
West, Fleet St., London, in' grounds adjoining the Royal Courts
of Justice, a spot which should be marked and visited by
Marylanders. The Charter passed the Great Seal, June 20,
1632, and was entrusted with all its hopes and possibilities to
his son, Cecil.

Li order to meet any opposition to the transporting of Catho-
lics to Maryland, a paper was prepared by Blount in 1632 for
the guidance of Lord Baltimore entitled " Objections answered
touching Maryland ". This shows that many recusants were
expected to go hither.

Objections Answered Touchiitq Maetland.
According to Blount's judgment, it might be objected —

L That the Laws against Roman Catholics were made to
ieeare their eoafonar^ to the Protestaait Religion, — ^but license

302

UAXTLASD HISTO^BICAI. JlAQJkZLSCE.

to go to Maryland, where they may have free liberty of their
religion would take away all hopes of their conformity to the
Church of England. To this it should be answered " Reasons
of State caused most of these laws, against plotting mischief to
King or State, and to secure their allegiance by oath and penalty
puts them out of the way of conformity to the Church of
England."

II. Such a license will seem a kind of toleration of Popery.
To be answered " This Parliament has given passes to Catholics
to go to France. Why not to Maryland ? "

III. The King's revenues will be impaired by losing benefit
of Recusants estates. To be answered " That Law was not made
for the King's profit, but to free the Kingdom of Recusants, so
going to Maryland would relieve the Kingdom of them."

IV. Going to Maryland would draw away people and wealth
from England. Answer — " The number of Recusants in Eng-
land is not so great that the departure of them all from hence
would little prejudice the Kingdom in decrease of people or
wealth."

(St(®eyhurst MSS. Anglia, Vol. IV).
Md. Hist. Society Fund Pub. No. 18.

This important document of Father Blount's of 1632 shows
that the Charter of Maryland was from the start believed to
assure liberty of conscience to Roman Catholics, and that, of
course, toleration for Catholics carried with it, of necessity,
toleration for all Christians. This was to be one of the " f imda-
mental instructions

Hence Cecil Calvert organized his first expedition so that it
was composed of neither faith exclusively. To have done
otherwise would have wrecked it. When the ships were halted
at Gravesend after sailing from London, Oct. 18, 1633, Edward
Watkins, Searcher, administered the oath of supremacy to 128,
who were certainly largely Protestants, so that about 128 out of
220 were Protestants. They took on the rest with Fathers
White and Altham at the Isle of Wight, whence they sailed
from Cowes, I^^ov. 22, 1633. 'No Protestant minister went
along nor waS there any provision for that service. However,

THE BITGLISH BBGrErWEHSS OF MABTLAITD. 303

Baltimore gave the most rigorous orders that acts of Catholic
religion on shipboard be performed with as much privacy as
possible " whereby any just complaint may not hereafter be
made by them (the Protestants) in Virginia, or in England ".
" The founders of Maryland were men of affairs shaping plan
to opportunity, and the situation was inexorable."

Maetlawd ToiiEEATiON — Pbactioai, Poliot, not an
Advanced Theory.

" There is no pretence of toleration as a theory of Govern-
ment here ", a discerning authority says. " That would have
been far in advance of Ealeigh, or Bacon, or even contemporary
Puritan leaders." (Eggleston, Beginners of a Nation.)

Under the charter only freemen enjoyed political rights. The
Catholics had the majority of freemen, hence the first colony
was numerically Protestant, but politically, religiously and
socially Roman Catholic.

It is curious to note that among the names in " Babington's
Conspiracy " that Tyrrell the Jesuit had earlier implicated
with John Crosland of Crosland, and then exonerated, as those
" I most falsely and unjustly accused " were those of the
"Earl and Countess of Arundel, Lord Win — , (Wintour?),
Sir Thomas Gerard ", and others."

Now we note the interesting co-incidence, that in Cecil Cal-
vert's " List of the ' Gentlemen Adventurers to Maryland, who
have gone thither in person ' on the first voyage, 1633, were
the names of Edward and Frederick Wintour, sons of Lady
Anne Wintour, and Richard Gerard, son to Sir Thomas Gerard,
Knight & Baronet." «

In the midst of false accusations, and the imminent peril to
Englishmm and their sacred institutions, " the need for tolera-

' Troubles of Our Catholic Forefathers. Boston Public Library.

•A Relation of Maryland 1635. Bodleian Library, Oxford, England.

304

MAEXLAND HISTOBICAI- MAGAZINE.

tion was based on the exigeacy of tke situation and sound
policy ".

Toleration was, therefore, of necessity Lord Baltimore's
policy from the very beginning — before it was ever embodied in
law. Without it as a fact, and as a policy, they would never
have gotten as far as making a " Toleration Act " in 1649.

That King Charles, grandson of Mary Stuart, was well dis-
posed to this colony, which he himself had named in honor of
his Catholic Queen, and as affording sanctuary to Catholics is
evident in the highly favorable clauses Sir George Calvert was
allowed to frame in his charter.

In the hands of as astute an administrator as Cecil, Second
Lord Baltimore, the charter served its purpose to compose con-
flicting elements in a spirit of liberality, which proved him well
in advance of the men of his age. As this historic list of the

" First Gentlemen Adventurers to Maryland,"

is given by Cecil Calvert in the rare little second book ever
printed concerning Maryland, The " Relation " of 1635, but
three copies of which exist, no doubt they should appear here,
as among the founders of a great new world commonwealth. He
gives them as —

The names of the Gentlemen adventurers that are gone in

person to this Plantation,

Leonard Calvert, the Governor, and George Calvert, his Lord-
ships brothers.

Jerome Hawlie, Esq. and Thomas Comwallis, Esq. Conmiis-
sioners.

Eichard Gerard, son to Sir Thomas Gerard, Knight and

Baronet.

Edward Wintour and Frederick Wintour, sonnes of the Lady

Anne Wintour.
Henry Wiseman, son unto Sir Thomas Wiseman, Knight.
John Saunders, Edward Cranfield, Henry Greene, Nicholas

Ferfax,

John Baxter, Thomas Derrell, Captain John Hall,
John Medcalfe and William Saire.

the english beginnings of mabtiand. 305
Caxveet, Father of Pkopkietaet Govbbnmbnt in

AltKEICA.

So admirably adapted to untrammeled growth were the provi-
sions of the Durham palatinate for a frontier colony, that Cal-
vert's Charter of Maryland became the model for every other
colony (except New England) foimded afterwards.

" This was the case with New York and the two Jerseys after
the English conquest of New Netherlands, with Pennsylvania
and Delaware, the two Carolinas and Georgia. One and all
were variations upon the theme first adopted in Maryland,"
says the discerning historian, John Fiske.

Lord Baltimore was, in fact, the Father of Proprietary gov-
ernment in America. But these proprietary rights, at first such
a powerful protection against the encroachments of the Crown,
became after a time in the minds of the sturdy colonists too
powerful an infringement of their own rights. They were
attacked and overturned by the people jealous of their own sup-
posed rights as English subjects.

The story of the working out of the Durham Charter upon
Maryland soil, steered by its Proprietor, Cecil Calvert, from his
English home, kept there for life to defend his property and
colonial prerogatives, is the absorbing story of Maryland's first
half century. This story is centred no longer in the North, but
at Wardour Castle, Wiltshire, near Salisbury in the south of
England.

Waedotie Castle — Maktland^s New Centbe.

At the time Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore, re-
ceived the grant of Maiyland he had been living at Wardour

Castle three years, having married Lady Anne, fourth daughter
of Sir Thomas Arundell, in 1629, when she was 18 and he 23
years of age. Their son, Charles, the quaint little lad holding
the Map of Maryland in Gerard Zoest's great portrait of his
father ' (which long hung at Windlestone Hall and was recently

' A fiae copy of this virile, life-like portrait lAewu^ Lord Baltimore m

306

MAEYLAWD HISTOEICAL iLiQAZINE.

sold to Lord Duveen of London for $21,000 by Sir Timothy
Eden), was bom at Wardour in 1630.

How intensely concerned for the new colony must have been
Lady Baltimore with her small boy of three (the future Gov-
ernor of Maryland in 1661), how anxious her old father of 72,
Sir Thomas, the Valiant, Count of the Holy Koman Empire,
famous for his capture of the Turkish battleflag at the siege of
Gran, how interested the whole brave household which had
beheld many martial companies set oS from its stronghold since
its erection in 1372. Theirs was a conquering line.

Koger de Arundell, the Norman, had come to England with
William the Conqueror, the French word " I'hirondelle ", swal-
low, indicating the basis of his name and family crest. The
castle was purchased in 1547 by Lady Anne's grandfather. Her
father. Sir Thomas, had been especially recommended for
bravery to Emperor Kudolph II of Germany by Queen Eliza-
beth in a letter still shown with great pride in the muniment
room at Wardour. One of the last letters written by him to
King Charles before his death in 1639, which the writer found
in the English official archives, shows how heavily burdened Sir
Thomas was not only by the King's exactions for the Civil War
in which Charles had embroiled himseK fatally with Parlia-
ment, but also for Lord Baltimore's costly enterprise in Mary-
land. As it evidences Lord Arundell's warm devotion to his
favorite son-in-law, and is a graphic picture of the feudal inter-
dependence of sovereign and subject at the outbreak of the Civil
War, and has never been published before, it seems fitting to
give it in part here. Lord ArundeU writes :

the serious-minded promoter of eolOTHzation (who had experienced the
sudden recall of his first expedition at Gravesend, Oct. 18, 1633, and a costly
month's delay till its departure from Cowes, Nov. 22) was made by the
late Miss Florence Mackubin for Dr. Hugh Hampton Young of Baltimore,
who has added it to the generous series of remarkable original portraits of
the Proprietaries of Maryland, which he purchased from Sir Timothy Eden
of Windlestone Hall, a direct descendant of the Calverts, and which arrived
in Baltimore in time for the inauguration of the Maryland Tercentenary
celebration at the War Memorial, Nov. 22, 1933.

THE ENGLISH BEQINNINaS OF MABTLAND. 307

To the Eight Honble Francis Windebank, Kt.
Principall Secretarie of State to His Matie.
from Thos. Lord Arundell of Warder.

Right Honorable

Finding by His Matie's letter, his will to bee that the Barons,
Earles, etc. should attend his Matie's Person and Koyall Stan-
dard at Yorke, in such Equipage of Armour and horse as is
fitting unto their calling . . . my infirmities meeting with a
Bodie of fourscore years of age have made me utterlie unable
to attend his Matie in Person. My fourscore horsemen's
Armour I did resign unto his Matie about two years since. . . .
My debts which if I doe not satisfie I shall be sued and my
Land expended) are above three and twenty thousand pounds
(the interest whereof consumes me) . . . My plate is part sold,
and part at pawn, with little hope to redeem it. . . .

And to encrease my misery still more . . . my Sonne Balte-
more is brought so lowe with his setting forward the Plantation
of Maryland, and with the clamorous Suites and oppositions,
which he hath mett withall in that businesse, as that I doe not
see how he would subsist, if I did not give him his dyet, for
himselfe, his wife, his children and servants. jSTot withstanding
all these wants and miseries I will give toward the Armies of
his Majestic against the mutinies of Scotland, five hundred
pounds, to be payd in two years, which with the fourscore
horsemens armor two yeares since, will show I am more careful
to spend the little meanes I have for his Majestie, than to
provide for my children and their children, whose wants cannot
be supplied but by my care and guarding course of life. God
have you in his keeping.

Yours to doe you faithful service.
Warder Castle, I7th. Tho: ArundeU.

Februarie, 1638.

As one gazes to-day at the valiant countenance of Sir Thomas
which hangs close beside the lovely portraiture of Lady Anne
by Van Dyck's skillful hand, looking out upon the grim ruins
of " old Wardour ", which fell before the fierce siege of the Par-
liamentary forces in 1643, we were glad to learn that both of
them died in 1639, and so escaped the destruction of the splendid
old stronghold, which martial Lady Blanche Arundell, with 20

308

MAJETLAUD HISTORICAL KAQAZIITB.

retainers defended for two weeks, while young Lord Arundel]
and Lord Baltimore were with the King at Oxford.

A few of the treasures Lady Blanche saved from the wreck
included the famous family portraits by noted English artists,
many Italian masterpieces, and the red and gold royal Stuart
bed, where King Charles I slept when at Wardour, and the rare
old Saxon Wassail Cup, the most treasured relic of them all.

As Lord Arundell, the owner of the estate, drove us over from
the present castle, erected about 1778, to the ruins of the old
stronghold we passed close beside the Tudor dowry-house
" Hooke House ", given to Lady Anne by her father on her mar-
riage to Lord Baltimore and which so generously sheltered these
brave adventurers of their all across the sea in Maryland.

As we looked at " Old Wardour," he asked, " Do you notice
anything familiar about these old ruins that reminds you of
Maryland?"

As we looked more closely at the heavy vine clambering over
the ruin " Can it really be Virginia creeper ? " we inquired.
" Yes," he replied, " it is Virginia creeper sent from Maryland
nearly three hundred years ago, with other " rarities " Lord
Baltimore was always requesting from the colony he was never
to see in person." And then he showed us the most remarkable
treasure of all — a great cluster of tree-trunks of what he called
an " iron-beam ", or " horn-beam tree ", with silvery bark which
came from Maryland in the long ago, and had stood guard
beside a beleaguered tower for nearly three centuries. And
curiously enough on coming home we learned there were still
such trees known also as " water-beaches as near Baltimore as
our own Gwynn's Falls, and many more, in tidewater regions to
the southward.

As we beheld these and other rare " trophies " sent from

Maryland's soil ages ago we were persuaded how greatly our
broad Commonwealth beside the abounding Chesapeake was
indebted to its Founders, the First and Second Lords Balti-
more, for the unwearying sacrifice, patience, and persistence
with which they had established this " land of sanctuary " and
prosperity across the sea.

raSFKANCHISEMBNT MAEYULND.

309

DISFBANCHISEMBNT IN MAEYLAND (1861-67).
By William A. Euss, Jr.

The rebel attitude of a large part of Maryland's population
in 1861 was typified by the Baltimore riot. The reasons for
this pro-Southern sympathy of perhaps the majority of the
State's inhabitants are the same as those for the rebellious
sentiments of Missouri and Kentucky. Each was a border
State, containing people who adhered to both Union and Seces-
sion; both suffered, as a consequence, from the divided state of
public opinion inherent in such a condition. As in Kentucky,
there were so many Southern sympathizers that it was doubtful
what side the State would take in the struggle. If left alone,
it would perhaps have seceded, just as Kentucky would prob-
ably have remained neutral. The fate of the Union cause thus
was held in the balance; for, if Maryland (which surrounded
the national capital and which could, therefore, hamstring the
Lincoln government) seceded, Washington would have been iso-
lated from Union territory. Lincoln perceived this, and, as a
matter of war necessity, determined that Maryland must not
secede if Federal forces could prevent it. Thus once more, juet
as in Kentucky, military force became the only bar between a
State and rebellion; for the same reason, the army played a
similar role in keeping the State Unionist by the usual process
of arbitrary arrests and imprisonments without trial: in brief,
disfranchisement of rebels by physical force/

Even before actual hostilities began, Maryland was occupied
by Federal forces which were, legally or illegally, suppressing
Secessionism and interfering in local government. As early as
July 1, General N. P. Banks was proclaiming to the people of

1 Cf. Rehellion Records, Series 11, Vol. II, pp. 349-58, 456-63, 480-85, for
numerous arrests for alleged disloyalty and releases upon taking the oath.
See also Bancroft, Seward, II, 254-81, for examples of diBfranchis^aent by
military arrest.

310

MAETIiAITD HISTORICAL MAQAZINE.

Baltimore that " Whenever a loyal citizen can be nominated to
the office of marshal who will execute the police laws impartially
and in good faith to the United States, the military force will
be withdrawn at once from the central parts of the mimici-
pality." ^ Military rule bred further secession sympathy; hence
it soon became evident that when the legislature met, the State
might be dedared out of the Union. Lincoln ordered General
Scott, who ordered General Banks, to see that this did not occur.
Secretary of War Cameron told Banks, on September 11 : " The
passage of any act of secession by the Legislature of Maryland
must be prevented. If necessary all or any part of the members
must be arrested. Exercise your own judgment as to the time
and manner, and do the work eflfectively." ° Banks did the
work so eflfectively that on September 17 all Secessionists in the
Legislature were arrested, twenty-nine in all.* The oath of
allegiance was offered to all and a few took it; others were asked
to take the oath and not return to Maryland. This was a hard
choice for men like Quinlan, whose income was derived from
a farm in the State.'

After they had been incarcerated about two months. Senator
Reverdy Johnson, on November 12, 1861, advised Seward,
Secretary of State, that the rest of the prisoners should be
released, for by that date, the terms of all, except of two
Senators, had expired. The legislature by a recent election was
safely Unionist, hence there was no reason for holding any of
the imprisoned persons longer — except the Mayor and Com-
missioner of Police of Baltimore who still claimed their offices.
It would (thought Johnson) result in a good effect on public
opinion.® But Governor Hicks, on the same day, advised Seward
that the release of these rebels would be suicidal, for they would
at once get in touch with the South.^ General Dix, however,

' Rebellion Records, Series II, Vol. I, p. 625.

• Rebellion Records, Series II, Vol. I, pp. 678-9.

• Ibid., pp. 667-78 and p. 684.

• Ibid., pp. 685-6, 694, 703.
'Ibid., p. 704.

^na., pp. 704-5.

DISFBANOHISBMBNT IN jMABIXAim.

311

also advised that they be released because of their ill health
resulting from imprisonment* Most of them were freed on
November 26 after taking the oath, although five were retained,
because they refused to take it." Dix did not favor the release
of these five until Senator Lynch (one of them) resigned his
seat. By January, 1862, due probably to more arrests, ten still
declined to take the oath and were held until November 26,
1862, when Stanton, Secretary of War, took over control of
disloyal persons from Seward. Stanton immediately ordered
the freeing of all political prisoners from Fort Warren, Boston,
where the Maryland men had been kept. This was done at once;
and finally, Kane, marshal of Baltimore, Brown, the mayor,"
and ten or twelve members of the legislature were freed after
over a year of imprisonment and consequent exclusion from
Maryland politics.^^

The arrest of the worst of the members of the legislature, as
well as of the government of Baltimore, did not, by any means,
kill the growth of rebellious sentiments in the State — as a matter
of fact, Secessionism was increasing so much that Governor
Thomas H. Hicks, on October 12, 1861, wrote a lugubrious

'ma., pp. 707-8.

• Ibid^, pp. 710-2.

" On September 27, 1861, Seward told Dix, in command of Ft. McHenry,
in which Mayor Brown was confined, that he might be released upon taliing
the oath of allegiance, upon resigning his mayoralty, and upon residing in
some Northern city. Brown refused. On October 9, Dix suggested, at the
request of Brown's brother-in-law, that he be confined to New England, if
released. Seward then declined this overture, and offered to release him
only upon his taking the oath and giving parole not to aid the South and
not to return to Maryland during the rest of the insurrection. In January,
1862, Brown refused these terms because he said that acceptance would be
admitting that he had been disloyal. Rebellion Records, Series II, Vol. I,
pp. 647, 651-2, 665. Undoubtedly many of these men were unjustly im-
prisoned. Lawrence Sangston [1814-1876], of Baltimore, a member of the
legislature imprisoned at Fort Warren, refused to take any more oaths:
"I have twice taken the oath to support and defend the Constitution of
the United States during the present year and am not disposed to turn a
solemn obligation into ridicule by constant repetitions of it." He demanded
to know the charges against him. Ibid., p. 706.
"/MA, pp. 728, 748.

812

MABYLAND HISTOBICAL MAQAZINB.

letter on IJmon kopes im gm&e&l and MmrylaBd's situation in

particular :

The loyal States and our Army and Navy are full of traitors;
many of our office-holders are faithless to the Government, and
unless things are closely looked after and the war carried for-
ward with greater vigor, we shall be whipped I fear. I have
not been scared until recently; . .

But as long as Union forces held Maryland, efforts might be
made to neutralize rebel influence by the simple method of
military disfranchisement, that is, keeping the disunionists from
running for office and from voting. Such was done in the fall
elections. On October 29, 1861, General Marcy, chief of
McClellan's staff, ordered Banks to prevent rebels in the State
from interfering in the coming elections of November 6; to
send detachments of soldiers to protect Union voters and " to
see that no disunionists are allowed to intimidate them, or in
any way to interfere with their rights"; to arrest and confine
till after election all disloyalists just returned from Virginia;
to see that there was no disorder; and to suspend the writ, if
necessary.^* The same order was sent to General Stone, com-
manding also in Maryland. On November 1, General Dix sent
an order from Baltimore to the United States marshal of Mary-
land, and to the provost-marshal of Baltimore, to arrest all
rebels who were returning to vote in the elections in order to
carry the State for treason and rebellion. He continued :

I, therefore, by virtue of the authority vested in me to arrest
all persons in rebellion against the United States, require you
to take into custody all such persons in any of the election
districts or precincts in which they may appear at the polls to
effect their criminal attempt to convert the elective franchise
into an engine for the subversion of the Government, and for
the encouragement and support of its enemies.

It is of interest to point out how Dix and others justified

" Ibid., Series II, Vol. II, p. 99.

" McPherson, History of the Rebellion, p. 308.

" MePburson, Hittory of the MebelUon, p. 308.

813

what seems to be a brazen violation of Maryland's right to run
its own election. In Kentucky, and in Missouri, a disfranchis-
ing oath was soon provided and the military could pretend to
be executing the law when they prevented rebels from exercising
the franchise; but Maryland had no such State law, and the
military was forced to invent some other justification. In
answer to a letter from the inspectors of election at New
Windsor, Carroll county, Dix said he had no power to force
disunionists to take an oath to support the Constitution of the
United States, for " the constitution and laws of Maryland pro-
vide for the exercise of the elective franchise by regulations with
which I have no right to interfere." The only way to handle
them, he said, was to arrest them for rebellion and treason and to
hold them in jail imtil the election was over. Judges might
also, by searching questions, satisfy themselves whether an
individual was a rebel, and thus try " without any violation of
the constitution or laws of Maryland, to prevent the pollution of
the ballot-boxes by their votes." This was at least a practical
solution, for no one could gainsay that imprisonment was effec-
tive disfranchisement. The following sentiment from Dix to
Provost-Marshal Dodge, on November 5, will complete the pic-
ture of military disfranchisement in this election: "We have
shown that we can control Maryland by force. We now wish
to show that we can control it by the power of opinion, and
we shall lose the whole moral influence of our victory if the right
of suffrage is not free, and maintained." ^*

Needless to state, military arrests, too numerous to detail,
continued during the next year, much to the chagrin of all
Marylanders, except radicals. Many of these persons secured
release and re-enfranchisement by taking the oath of allegiance —
the only oath yet available.*^ Still, many languished in jail;
the reading of their suffering does not make pleasant diversion.
The importance of these arbitrary arrests in this connection is
that they rasped on the feelings of even Uniatiists who felt that,

" Loe. eit.

" nid., pp. 308-9.

" Annual Cyclopaedia, 186S, pp. 611-12.

314

MAMYJUASJ) MlBTOSSaja. UAQtASLSS.

while military control was necessary, it was being carried too
far. At all events, this feeling appeared rather prominently in
the elections of 1863 which comprised the next political spasm
that the State had to go through.

The ire of Maryland emerged in full proportions at General
Schenck's General Order 53, of October 21, 1863, which com-
manded provost-marshals to arrest disloyal persons " hanging
about, or approaching any poU"; to support with soldiers the
election officials in requiring the oath of allegiance as a test of
citizenship from anyone whose vote was challenged; and to
report any judge of election refusing to take such an oath him-
seK." Governor [Bradford, thinking this an insult to Maryland
dignity, overruled the order and protested to Lincoln. The
President was hard put to take an attitude entirely on either
side, for, on the one hand, he must support, if possible, the
military which had saved Maryland in 1861; but, on the other,
he could not lose the confidence of the people of the State,
especially since this election was to determine the calling of a
State convention to abolish slavery, and to pass a disfranchisii^
provision. In his answer, November 3, to Bradford, the Presi-
dent told of iuterviewing Schenck, and of revoking that portion
of the order r^arding hangers-about; and he said that the
military forces were there only to prevent disorder by disloyal
persons. He said that he revoked Schenck's order, " not that it
is wrong in principle, but because the military being, of neces-
sity, exclusive judges as to who shall be arrested, the provision is
liable to abuse." ^ Yet the President felt that Maryland was
to blame, since it had neglected to provide a strict oath which
would justify the military in its acts; and, he added, in typical
Lincoln argumentum ad hominem, that Missouri had provided
a disfranchising oath, but that Maryland had not:

. . . General Trimble, captured fighting us at Gettysburg, is,
without recanting his treason, a l^al voter by the laws of Mary-

" Nicolay and Hay, Lincoln, VIII, 462.
" McPherson, op. cit., pp. 309-10.
Hid., p. 310.

BISFEAlsrCHISBMBirT IIT MAMTLASJ).

315

land. Even Greneral Schenck's order admits him to vote, if he
recants upon oath. I think that is cheap enough. My order in
Missouri, which you approve, and General Schenck's order here,
reach precisely the same end. Each assures the right of voting
to all loyal men, and whether a man is loyal, each allows that
man to fix by his own oath. Your suggestion that nearly all
the candidates are loyal, I do not think quite meets the case. In
this struggle for the nation's life, I cannot so confidently rely
on those whose elections may have depended upon disloyal votes.
Such men, when elected, may prove true; but such votes are
given them in the expectation that they will prove f alse.^^

On November 3 Schenck was forced to modify his order as
Lincoln had dictated, and at the same time answered Bradford's
protest as follows :

Its principal purpose is to prevent traitorous persons from con-
trolling, in any degree, by their votes, or taking part in the com-
ing election. ... It is only framed and intended to exclude
from a voice in the election of those who are to administer the
affairs either of the national Goverment or of this loyal State
such individuals as are hostile to that Government of which
Maryland is a part ... it is clearly not a hardship, to be com-
plained of by the individual challenged for such disqualification,
when he is permitted to purge himself by his own oath of
allegiance to the Government, in the management of which he
claims a share.**

Hardly had Lincoln instructed Schenck to mollify Maryland's
sensibilities, when a worse incident occurred to stir up feeling
against Federal supervision. This was an order of November
3, from Ohestertown, issued by Lieutenant-Colonel 0. 0. Tevis,
which, in essence, recognized no ticket but the Government one.
He said that as a result of a correspondence between Hon.
Thomas Swann and Lincoln, he was urging all loyal voters to
show their sincerity by voting " the whole Government ticket,
upon the platform adopted by the Union League Convention.
None other is recognized by the Federal authorities as loyal and
worthy of the support of any one who desires the peace and

Nicolay and Hay, Papers, II, 434-5.
•' McPhcrson, op. oit., p. 311.

2

316

MABTliAND iflBTOBICAX MAaAZIKB.

restoration of this Union." At once Schendc disavowed the
order and put Tevis under arrest, but restored him on November
9 upon the latter's retraction. In proclaiming Tevis's retraction,
Schenck said that the order had been due to ' bad advisers ' and
that there was no such thing as a Government ticket.^*

The State having decided for a convention, the legislature in
January, 1864:, passed a convention bill. Section 4 of which
laid down, at great length, the qualifications for voting at the
election for delegates, and made it almost impossible for any
rebel vote to trickle through the meshes. This was probably
made minute in order to evade any excuse of military inter- ^
f erence by the United States.'* The biU also provided against
Federal control in the election, ordering the Governor to keep
calling elections untU military supervision ceased." General
Lew Wallace looked askance at this provision and on March
30, 1864, asked Bradford for a description of all the powers of
judges in the coming elections. Bradford answered that they
had ample powers to prevent disloyal persons from voting or
running for office and that State powers were sufficient "if
faithfully executed, as I have every reason to hope they will be,
to exclude disloyal voters from the polls."

Wallace, who said that he "regarded rebels and traitors as
having no political rights whatever," proceeded to prove his
opinion by numerous precautions to keep disloyal persons from
the polls — ^Bradford to the contrary notwithstanding.^'^ For
instance, he ordered one Kilboum, who had been nominated
from Anne Arundel county, to be questioned on his voting record
in the Maryland legislature of 1861, and forced him to admit
not only that he had voted for a resolution to recognize the
independence of the Confederacy, but also to admit that he could
not take the oath.** His name was withdrawn. The judges of

The whole Schenck trouble in 1863 is dkcussed by Scbarf, History of
Maryland, III, 559-69.
" Oonvention Debates, 1864, 1, 24.

Annual Cyclopaedia, 1864, PP. 467-8.
"md., p. 498.
" Scharf, op. cit., Ill, 577-81.
" Annual Cyclopaedia, 1864, p. 499.

317

election of Cecil adopted a set of questions to be asked of all
voters, such as : Have you served in the rebel army ? Have you
aided the rebellion ? Have you e;iven money to aid those intend-
ing to join the rebel cause ? Have you sent money to those in
the rebel area ? Have you given. c(Hnf ort and encouragement ?
Have you wished for the success of the rebellion? Have you
discouraged the Federal cause ? Are you a loyal citizen of the
United States? Did you rejoice over the do-wnfall of Fort
Sumter? Did you rejoice over the successes of the rebel, and
the defeats of the Union army? When the rebel army meets
. the Union army in battle, which do you wish to gain the victory ?
And many similar. Further directions were given to aid
r^strars in deciding doubtful cases :

Comfort or encouragement means advocacy, advice in favor of.
We aid the Rebellion by giving money, clothing, and provisions;
we give it comfort or encouragement by our words. A man who
has advocated the cause of the Rebellion, who talked in favor of
Maryland going with the South, who rejoiced over the victories
of the Eebel army, has given conafort and encouragement to
the Rebellion. . . .

If the J udges are satisfied that a man is disloyal to the United
States, it is their duty to refuse his vote, for such person is
not a ' legal voter ' of the State of Maryland.^®

By such methods the Unionists got a majority and the con-
vention met on April 27, 1864. In the bill providing for a
convention there had been included an oath that every delegate
must take before the Governor in order to qualify :

that I have never, either directly or indirectly, by word, act, or
deed, given any aid, comfort, or encouragement to those in
rebellion against the Government of the United States; and
this I swear voluntarily, without any mental reservation or
qualification whatever, so help me God.*"

So well had the military gleaned all disloyal persons from run-
ning, that the Committee on Elections neglected to report until

"liid., pp. 499-500.

"> Annual OyelopaetUa, 1864, p. ^03, and Oonventim Deiates, 1864, I> ^4.

318

MABTI^ND HISTOEIOAL MA&AZINE.

August 3. It declared that, every member havii^ taken this
oath, all were eligible. The convention was thus safely radical
and its work would be certain to reflect this fact.

On May 21 the Committee on the Elective Franchise was
ordered to prepare an article in its report to the effect that every
person who had aided the present rebellion " ought to be forever
disqualified and rendered incapable to hold or exercise within
this State any office of profit or trust, civil or military, or to vote
at any election hereafter held in this state; . . ." On May 30 the
Committee was instructed to prepare an article prohibiting any-
one from holding office and voting in Maryland for " the space
of three score years and ten" if he voluntarily had left the
State to aid the rebellion; and to be disfranchised for five years
if he aided the rebellion within the State.'^

The disfranchising clauses reported by the Committee were
stiff enough, but one Stirling became tiie wheelhorse for dis-
franchisement by trying to make them even more rigid. He had
already offered a resolution to imprison or banish all rebel
sympathizers who refused to register and take an oath of allegi-
ance,** and when the report was offered, he fought it in favor
of more stringency. The Committee suggested: 1. Disqualifica-
tion of anyone forever, unless pardoned by the President, who
had rebelled or in any way had aided the Confederacy. 2. An
oath (which must be taken by every official on entering office)
that he had never directly or indirectly aided the rebellion.'*
The minority reported that it favored no disfranchisement at all,
and merely su^ested an oath for officers who would swear to
bear true allegiance to, and enforce the laws of, the United
States and Maryland.'* Stirling led a successful fight against
suggestion One of the report, finally causing its deletion and the
substitution of a stricter disfranchisement. The substitute dis-
abled forever all who had been in armed hostility to the United
States ; all who had served or had aided the Confederacy in any

Proceedings of the Convention, ISd-i, pp. 85, 126-7.

Ibid., pp. 265-6.
" Ibid., pp. 431-4 and Debates, II, 1262-79.
** Proceedings of Convention, 1864, pp. 449-51.

DISl-EAlTCHISEMBirT IN MAETLAND. 31i)

capacity, or had gone within the rebel lines, or had left Mary-
land to adhere, or had communicated with, given information to,
or had sent goods, letters or money, to the South; all who had
aided or advised anyone to enter the rebellion, or had expressed
a desire for the triumph of the South — all such were disqualified
unless they had cleansed themselves by voluntarily entering the
Union army and had then been honorably discharged, or had
been restored by a two-thirds vote of the assembly. Election
judges were to require a searching oath from voters; but mere
acceptance of the oath was not a proof of the right to vote, for
the judges were to have special powers to root out perjury.'"
The conservatives said that such a clause not only killed trial
by jury but that it was also retrospective.** Stirling answered:
" The only way to prevent civil war is to require those who
engage in it to abide the results of their own conduct." When
the discussion of an oath came up, he again changed the majority
report and secured the passage of the following ironclad :

. . . that I have never directly or indirectly . . . given any aid
. . . but that I have been truly, and loyally on the side of the
United States against those in armed rebellion . . . that I will
. . . not allow the same to be broken up or dissolved, or the
Qovemment thereof to be destroyed under any circumstances,
if in my power to prevent it, and that I will at all times dis-
countenance and oppose all political combinations having for
their object such dissolution or destruction.*'

A conservative, Jones, raised some opposition by listing ten
offenses for which a man might be disqualified under such an
oath, but Stirling had his way." "No more could Lincoln accuse
Maryland, under such a structure, of backwardness in its fran-
chise laws. Only 10,000 out of 40,000 in Baltimore and only
35,000 out of 95,000 in the whole State could vote. Two«-thirds
of the voters were disfranchised.*"

'• Ihid., pp. 463-4, 468. «» Debates, 11, 1273. " lUd., p. 1275.

Proceedings, pp. 472-3 ; Debates, II, 1286.
" Debates, II, 1331-1380.

*" Scharf, op. cit., m, 668-671. " In Maryland as matters now are three
fotirtiis of people are di<rfraacbi«ed upon, tiie ground that not having

320

MASTiLAND HISTOBICAL MAGAZINE.

In order to put these provisions into a form that could be
administered, the legislature, on March 24, 1865, passed a regis-
tration law excluding negroes, minors, non-residents, persons
who had been in armed hostility to the United States, persons
who had left Maryland to enter and to live in the rebel area,
and persons who had given aid and comfort in any manner/^
At Baltimore the registrars were given twenty-five questions to
ask all applicants. Some of these questions were : Do you think
the oath you have just taken morally binding ? Are you aware
of the danger of perjury ? Have you ever been in arms against
the United States? Have you ever gone into the Confederate
lines to adhere ? Have you given money or aid to Secessionists ?
Have you communicated with rebels or advised anyone to enter
the rebellion ? Have you deserted the United States army ?
Have you expressed antipathy to the United States ? Have you
wished the rebels to succeed ? Do you hold any mental reserva-
tion in answering these questions ? *^

The system disfranchised so many that Montgomery Blair in
a speech on August 26, 1865, condemned it roundly; ** he
represented the wide-spread horror in which it was held now
that the war was over. As in Kentucky, as soon as the war
ended, there was a concerted move to rid the State of disfran-
chisement. A moot case (by a refusal to take the oath) was
made up in order to contest the law in the courts, but the
registrars were sustained by the highest tribunal in the State.**
On January 11, 1866 Governor Swann defended the law as best
he could before the legislature; he depreciated resistance, saying
that disfranchisement had been placed in the Constitution when
rebellion was creating so much disloyalty that the Government
had to act to defend itself. He asserted that the repeal of the
registration law would do no good, since the Constitution de-
registered they are disloyal and the remaining one fourth claim as the only
loyal men of Maryland the right to control the State[.]" George M.
Gold (?) to Montgomery Blair, February 13, 1866. Blair sent the letter
to Johnson who, after reading, endorsed it in his own hand. J<rfin«on
Papers, LXXXVI, 9104.

*^ Ann-ual OifolopamKai 1865, p. 526.

" Loo. oit. *» Ihid., p. 527. " Loo. oit.

DISFEAirCHISEMBlTT IK MABTLAHD.

321

manded an oath. The only way out was to order a convention
to change the Constitution.*® This suggestion indicated the path
to he followed, and so the movemmt to rebellize Maryland went
on apace.

" Individuals were refused registration on the most frivolous
grounds, and in many cases without even having heard that any
reason whatever was given for their disqualification." *^ Mont-
gomery Blair, in a letter of October, 1865, said that it was " to
screen from punishment the lawless men who, under cover of
transcendant loyalty, have been the great offenders against the
cause of the Union." " The humiliated majority organized he-
hind the Baltimore Sun and Montgomery Blair to get back
their franchise. This movement brought about the calling of
an anti-registry law convention in January, 1866, to present
protests to the assembly. Blair was chairman and made an
appeal for re-enfrandiisement of whites. Why, he wished to
know, were they disfranchised ? He answered his question : So
that the Republican party can " hold political power in defiance
of the great principle which under-lies our whole form of
Government. . . . Disfranchising the people of Maryland is for
the same interests that Thad. Stevens is working in the House
of Eepresentatives to obtain." The convention passed a memorial
which Blair personally presented to the legislature on January
26, 1866, pleading eloquently for removal of disabilities be-
cause the war was over and because Maryland needed the services
of her own sons.*^ This same argument was used again and
again in Kentucky.

Just as happened in Missouri in 1870, the Union party split
in 1866 on the question of disfranchisement, each wing holding
a convention. This schism aided the conservatives so much in
the fall elections that the radicals lost the assembly; re-enfran-

" Loo. oit.

*' Scharf, op. cit., TTI, 670.

" Quoted by Scharf, op. cit., Ill, 669.

*^ Proscription in Maryland. Speeches of the Hon. Montgomery Blair, as
President of the Anti-Registry Convention, to the Convention and to the
Legislature of Maryland. Delivered 2ith and 25th of Janua/ry, 1866.
Washington, 1868. See also Scharf, op. cit., m, 673-76.

322

MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZmS.

chisement of rebels was now only a matter of time.*' The legis-
lature soon acted on January 24, 1867, when it passed a law
calling a convention " to restore to fixll citizenship, and the
right to vote and hold office, all persons who may be deprived
thereof by the provisions contained in the fourth section of the
Constitution of this state." This act also explained that these
restrictions were really temporary; that the disfranchised were
taxed and subjected to military duty, yet could not vote.™ At
this act, Forney, in the Philadelphia Press said that Maryland
TJnionists " demand to know whether because they saved Mary-
land from treason therefore traitors are permitted to rule the
State and ruin them ? " Just as Unionists in Kentucky had
done, so local radicals began appealing to those in Congress
for action to stop this rapid turning of the State over to
rebels. Nathan Haines, of Carroll county, implored " Thadeus
Stephens " to prevent the calling of a convention in the State.
What, he asked, are Union men to do ? "I think Maryland
needs " military reconstruction " about as badly as any of the
Southern States, and I do not see any other way for us. — I hope
it [Congress] will take us in hand. . . . Give us manhood
Suffrage and we are Safe : — ^My dear friend the Safety of the
Nation, enjoins it upon Congress, — to make Suffrage universal, —
to disqiudify and impoverish traitors, — and confine the ballot
to the loyal only." Another letter implored Congress not to
adjourn until it saw what course Maryland would take.^' Mary-
land's answer seemed to be two more laws. One of March 19,
186Y rescinded that of January, 1865, requiring an oath for
attorneys. One of March 23, 1867, repealed an act of January,
1862, which required an oath of allegiance.^*

Already Eepresentative Ward, of New York, had secured the
passage, by vote of 104-35, of a resolution in the House, to the

" Scharf, op. oit., Ill, 678-9, 693.

^"Journal of the Gonvention of 1867, pp. 9-11; also Maryland Laws,
1867, pp. 18-21.
"January 31, 1867.

" Stevens Papers, March 22, 1867, IX, 54452.
" lUd., 54450.

«* Maryland Laws, 1867, pp. 189, 346.

DISFEANCHISEMBNT IN MAETLAND.

323

effect that in spite of disfranchisement of rebels and disloyalists
by the Maryland Constitution, it was alleged that in the last
election for EepreBentatives for the Fortieth Congress, many
disabled persons had voted, aided by by United States troops who
interfered at elections. The Committee of Elections was to in-
quire if any laws had been violated and how much of the blame
should go the President."^

But there was still another way for the radicals in Congress
to hint to the State that it might have to be taken in hand — at
the very same time, in fact, that they were making a similar
threat to Kentucky. This method consisted in refusing to seat
the choice of the rebel legislature, as Senator from Maryland,
by finding some flaw in his record. In brief, when Philip F.
Thomas presented his credentials as Senator from Maryland, he
was charged with disloyalty and with inability to take the proper
oath. Two rather far-fetched charges were brought up against
him. The first was that when, in December 1860, he had served
as the temporary successor of Cobb as Secretary of the Treasury,
he had deliberately tried to imperil the public credit by refus-
ing to pay the interest on the bonded debt. The Nation admitted
that this accusation seemed to have been, successfully answered.
The second charge (which was the real reason for his exclusion)
was that he had advanced money to his son to aid him in joining
the rebel army, and in so doing had aided the rebellion." This
seemed so flimsy to conservative papers as to appear personal
and petty. The New York Times bitterly riddled the Senate's
attitude, as " Partisan Intolerance . . . the whole thing dwindled
down to a complaint that Mr. Thomas had behaved kindly to
his own son.""^ The Chicago Times called it "Disfranchise-
ment of Loyal States ... an act of lawless despotism . . . [an']
act of criminality."

The Senate Judiciary Committee investigated and on Decem-
ber 18, 1867, expressed no opinion against Thomas, preferring

'0 Annual Cyclopaedia, 1867, pp. 199-200.

"January 9, 1868; Sen. Mis. Doc. 11 (40 Cong. 2 Sess.) ; Globe, March
18, 1867, pp. iri-80.
" F«*rwiry 21, 1868. ■» Marcli 20, 1867.

324

MAETLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

to lay the matter before the Senate. It reported it could " find
nothing sufficient ... to debar said Thomas from taking his seat,
unless it be found in the fact of the son of said Thomas having
entered the military service of the Confederacy, . . ." The son,
having been called before the Committee, had explained hovi^ his
father had dissuaded him from going South, but had finally
given him $100 for food to keep him from starving and for a
horse. The other Maryland Senator, Reverdy Johnson, offered
a resolution to admit him if he took the regular oath."* Thomas
was, however, refused admission on the ground of having aided
the rebellion by giving his son $100 — ^the vote being 28-21.
Trumbull and Fessenden voted for him, while Sumner quoted
Sallust regarding Anlus Fulvius, the Eoman Senator, who killed
his son for joining Catiline.'^ The Maryland legislature pro-
tested vehemently against such an excuse for refusing Thomas,
but in the end elected William T. Hamilton, who was able to
qualify.*^ The Nation thought that the lesson was learned, how-
ever, by Governor Swann, who also had been elected Skater,
but decided not to give up his Governorship for a position out
of which he might be voted, because he was supposed to have
received payments of interest on the rebel bonds of Virginia.'"
Whether the charge was true or not, he decided to hold on to
what he had — and besides, the Lieutenant-Governor was a
radical.

But long before the Thomas case was finally settled, Maryland
had definitely changed its fundamental law on disfranchisement,
so as to completely hand the State over to the rebels. The con-
vention which had been ordered by the legislature in J anuary,
1867, met in May and the crimes (in the eyes of radicals) per-
petrated in that convention could not be prevented by such a
gesture as the refusal of the Senatorial toga to Thomas. Nothing
short of reconstruction could have undone the rebellization of
the State that followed apace.

"Senate Report 6 (40 Cong. 2 Sess.).

Sen. Mis. Doc. 11 (40 Cong. 2 Sess.).

Nation, February 27, 1868; see also February 20.
•» Annual Cyelopaedia, 1868, p. 453. «• Nation, May 7, 1867.

DISFRANCHISEMBNT IN MAETLAND.

326

The radicals, seeing their hold on the State fast slipping,
began, of course, to protest to Washington. As early as March,

1867, the Kepublican minority of the assembly sent a memorial
to Congress pleading against what they called the conspiracy
(that is, the convention) which had been illegally ordered, and
which was to meet in May to change the franchise law. It went
on to say :

By doubtful construction of a clause of the existing constitution,
this General Assembly, thus elected, has enfranchised all white
men, no matter what treason they have committed, and thus have
added to the voting population about 30,000 persons who have
only lately ceased an armed resistance to the Government.

Next the Legislature had formed a rebel State militia and

illegally had redistricted the State. The "... one object of
this movement is to legislate out all the remaining loyal officers
whom they have not already removed, and place ex-rebels, per-
haps brigadiers and colonels of the rebel army in their places."
Unionists had only one hope, and that was Congress. Likewise
the Grand Union League of Maryland begged Congress to ex-
tend, before it was too late, the reconstruction laws over the
State, which had gone rcbcl."^ The resolutions of the Republican
State convention, held at Baltimore, declared that the party
would oppose the convention bill and the other enfranchising
measures just passed, and would refuse to vote for delegates.**
Not to be outdone, the Mayor and Council of Baltimore appealed
to Congress against the rebels and the coming constitutional
convention, blaming it all on a Governor, a traitor to his party,
who had appointed his own registrars so that the State could be
given over to the worst of the disunionists.*'' In the face of such
an array of pleas from the chief radical bodies in the State, it
was hard for the Congressional radicals not to act; yet they

"■House Mis. Doc. 27 (40 Cong. 1 Sess.) and McPherson, Eand-Book for

1868, p. 246.

"House Mis. Doc. 28 (40 Cong. 1 Sess.).
''House Mis. Doc. 32 (40 Cong. 1 Sess.).
*' House Mis. Doe. S4 (40 Cong. 1 Sess.).

326

MAEYLAWD HISTOEIOAL MAGAZINE.

were held back by the same unalterable fact that was handi-
capping them in dealing with rebel Kentucky: the fact that
Maryland had never seceded. Even radicals could not stomach
legislation over a State which had always beea, and still was,
in the Union.

The convention met, therefore, in spite of certain radicals in
Congress who declared for military force to prevent its assem-
bling. President Johnson went to Aimapolis to give it his per-
sonal blessing with a typical Johnson speech. The President of
the convention and aU members had to take, by order of the law
calling them into existence, the oath to bear true allegiance to
Maryland and the United States, to defend and protect both, to
promise not to allow the Union ever to be dissolved, and to pre-
vent any political combiaations ever trying to do so.°^ If this
was a studied play to disarm radicals with Unionist words, it
did not work, for radicals were in consternation at the entire
proceedings. Regarding disfranchisement, there is little to say,
except that, by the report of the Committee on the Franchise,
it was entirely wiped out of the Constitution. The only clauses
even remotely related to it were provisions for a registration law,
and an oath to support the Constitution. This report became
Article I of the Constitution.*' As if to insult Unionism and
radicalism to the limit, it disfranchised negroes and asked for
compensation for emancipated slaves.

Such insolence brought cries of rage from all radicals. The
Missouri Democrat said : " Maryland is a captured State. ITot
in honest and open assault did the rebels succeed in taking it. . . .
But by the treachery of Governor Swann, the enemy was ad-
mitted within the walls, and the place was delivered into their
hands." The Chicago Jownal also raved impotently:

Kentucky is not to be the only paradise of traitors and pan-
demonium of Unionists. . . . The only immediate remedy would
be the interference of Coi^ress. ... It is quite certain that
those who were traitors, and who now glory in the fact, will

** Journal of the Convention, 1867, -pp. 9-H.
Jhid., pp. 151-3. " June 4, 1867.

DISFKAFCHISBMENT IN MABrTLASD.

327

control the politics of at least two States, if not dirfrandiised
by an act of Congress."

Colfax stated Congressional opinion when he answered a letter
of John L. Thomas, of Maryland, requesting his presence at a
Border State convention to deal with rebel control in several of

these States :

If a State which enfranchises by the tens of thousands every
man who has arms to destroy the nation, and along with them
every man who took official oaths of allegiance to a so-called
government which could only exist on the ruins of the Bepublic,
and, at the same time, disfranchises by the tens of thousands

the negroes, that state is not republican and ought to be investi-
gated." Eegarding the fall elections, the New York Tribune
said:

No man who fought effectively on the Union side could find a
place on that ticket; if he did, the voters would repudiate him.
In short, Maryland is now under the sway of the worse [sio]
wing of the late Confederate host.

The only hope (continued the editor) was for Congress to en-
franchise the blacks, so as to swamp the rebel majority. " Mean-
while, we thank the faithful Eadicals who keep the old flag fly-
ing. . . ." " Greeley's feeling of disgust, and at the same time
of impotence, was characteristic of the radical mind. After all,
if Maryland and Kentucky wished to go to the devil, their
apostasy would have to be suffered. And if the disease could be
kept from spreading, it was not mortal, for the rebels of Kentucky
and Maryland were a small minority compared to the radicals
in the North. Their acts were atrocious, yet if the South could
be made Eepublican, these two States might be left to glory in
their own sin; for, in the large, they could not avail much, if
the radicals kept the flag flying elsewhere.

The subject must not be dropped before it is emphasized that

"August 26, 1867.

"National Intelligmeer, clipped by LouisTille Journal, September 24,
1867.
"Oetobw 12, 1867.

328

MABYT.ATTD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

both Maryland and Kentucky were thus going rebel at the very
time that Congress was proposing to deal with the South. The
thought in the minda of all who voted for radical reconstruction
probably was that the treason of these two States must not be
allowed in the South. They were horrible examples of what
secessionism in defeat could accomplish, and they clinched any
argument in favor of severity as against leniency towards the
South. There must be no more Kentuckies and no more Mary-
lands. Thus the seceded South sufFered for the rebellious acts
of the border States.

BAELY MAEYLAND NEWSPAPBES.

A List of Titles
Compiled hy
Geobge C. Keidel, Ph. D.
Eatriee prefixed with an * are m Afarylarad Hiatorical Society's Collection.
(Continued froaa Vol. XXVm, p. 257.)

1831

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazettei and Political Intelligencer.
* [Annapolis] Maryland Eepublican and
Political and Agrictdtural Museum.
[Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] American Farmer.
* [Baltimore] Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
[Baltimore] Chronicle of the Times and Disseminator
of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge.
[Baltimore] Freeman's Banner.
* [Baltimore] Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Genius of Universal Emancipation, or
American Anti-Slavery Journal, and Eegister of News.

EAELY MAEYIlATTD NEWSPAPERS.

329

[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Keligious Visitor.
Baltimore Minerva and Saturday Post.
[Baltimore] Mutual Rights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] I^iles' Weekly Register.
Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.
Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
Baltimore Times.
[Bel-Air] Harford Republican.
[Belle-Air] Independent Citizen.
Cambridge Chronicle.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chestertown] Kent Bugle.
Cumberland Civilian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.

* [Easton] Easton Shore Whip; and People's Advocate.

* Easton Gazette.
[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.
Elkton Press and Cecil County Advertiser.
[Fell's Point] Wreath.
[Fell's Point] Wreath and Literary Shamrock.
* Frederick Town Herald.
[Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.
[Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser.
[Frederick] Times.
[Hagers-Town] Mail and Washington
County Republican Advertiser.

* [Hagers-Town] Torch-Light and Public Advertiser.

[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Rockville] Maryland Free Press.
[Rockville] Maryland Journal and True American.
Snow-Hill Messenger and Worcester County Advertiser.
[Taney-Town] Regulator and Taney-Town Herald.
* [Williams-Port] Republican Banner.

330

MAETLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

1832

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
* [Annapolis] Maryland Kepublican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.

* [Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.

[Baltimore] American Farmer.
[Baltimore] Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
[Baltimore] Commercial Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
* [Baltimore] Freeman's Banner.
* Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Genius of Universal Emancipation, or
American Anti-Slavery Journal, and Register of News.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Mutual Eights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] N lies' Weekly Register.
Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.

* Baltimore Press.

* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
* [Baltimore] Saturday Morning Visiter.
* Baltimore Times.
Baltimore Weekly Gazette.
[Bel-Air] Harford Republican.
[Belle-Air] Independent Citizen.
[Boonsboro] Cracker ( ?)
Cambridge Chronicle.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chestertown] Kent Bugle.
Cumberland Civilian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.

* [Easton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.

* Easton Gazette.
[Easton] Republican Star, and

Eastern Shore General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Republican and Farmers' and
Mechanics' Advertiser.

p

EAELY MAETLAITD NEWSPAPBES. 331

Frederick Herald.
[Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.
[FrederiA] Eepublicsm Citizen and State Advertiser.

* [Frederick] Weekly Times.

* Hagers-Town Mail and Washington
County Republican Advertiser.

* [Hagers Town] Torch Light and Public Advertiser.

[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Eockville] Maryland Free Press.
[Kockville] Maryland Journal and True American.
* Snow-Hill Messenger and Worcester County Advertiser.
[Taney-Town] Regulator and Taney-Town Herald.
[Williams-Port] Republican Banner.

1833

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
* [Aimapolis] Maryland Republican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.
[Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] American Farmer.
[Baltimore] Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
[Baltimore] Commercial Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
* Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Genius of Comedy.
[Baltimore] Genius of Universal Emancipation, or
American Anti-Slavery Journal, and Register of News.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Mutual Rights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] Niles' Weekly Register.
Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.

* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.

* Baltimore Saturday Visiter.^
Baltimore Weekly Gazette.

1 In February 1833 title changed to.

332 MABTLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

[Bel Air] Harford Republican.
[Bellair] Independent Citizen.
[Boonsboro] Cracker.
Cambridge Cbronicle.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chestertown] Enquirer.
[Chestertown] Kent Bugle.
[Chestertown] Telescope and Eastern Shore Advertiser.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Cumberland] Phoenix Civilian.
* [Eaaton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.
* Easton Gazette.
[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore

General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Republican and Farmers' and
Mechanics' Advertiser.
[Elkton] Central Courant.
[Frederick] Maryland Herald.
[Frederick] Maryland Sentinel.
[Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.
[Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser.
* [Frederick] Weekly Times.
[Hagerstown] Free Press.
Hagers-town Mail and Washington
County Republican Advertiser.
* [Hagerstown] Torch-Light and Public Advertiser.
[Port Deposit] Central Courant.
[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Rockville] Maryland Free Press.
[Rockville] Maryland Journal and True American.
[Rockville] True American?
Snow-Hill Messenger and Worcester County Advertiser.
[Taney-Town] Regulator and Taney-Town Herald.
[Upper Marlboro] Marlboro' Banner, and Weekly Advertiser.
[Westminster] CarroUtonian.
[Williamsport] Republican Banner.

EABX.T MAItTIiAND NEWSPAPEES.

§33

1834

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
[Annapolis] Maryland Eepublioan and
Political and Agricultural Museum.
* [Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] American Parmer.
* [Baltimore] Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
* [Baltimore] Commercial Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
Baltimore Daily News.
[Baltimore] Experiment.
[Baltimore] Farmer and Gardner.
* Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Genius of Universal Emancipation, or American
Anti-Slavery Journal, and Register of News.
Baltimore Intelligencer.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Eeligious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Mutual Eights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] Niles' Weekly Register.
* Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.
* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
* [Baltimore] Saturday Visiter.

Baltimore Weekly Gazette.
[Bel-Air] Harford Republican.
[Bel-Air] Independent Citizen.
[Boonsboro] Cracker.
Cambridge Chronicle.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chestertowii] Kent Bugle.
[Chestertown] Telescope and Eastern Shore Advertiser.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
* [Cumberland] Phoenix Civilian.
[Denton] Caroline Advocate.
* [Easton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.
[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.

334

MAKTLAJ^TD HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.

[Elkton] Cecil Eepublican and Farmers' and
Mechanics' Advertiser.

* Frederick Herald.

[Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.
[Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser.

* [Frederick] Times.
[Frederick] Weekly Times.

[Hagers-Town] Mail and Washington
County Eepublican Advertiser.
* [Hagers-Town] Torch-Light and Public Advertiser.
[Port Deposit] Central Courant.
[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Eoekville] Maryland Free Press.
[Eockville] Maryland Journal and True American.
Snow-Hill Messenger and Worcester County Advertiser.
[Westminster] CarroUtonian.
[WiUiamsport] Eepublican Banner.

1835

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
* [Annapolis] ilaryland Republican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.
* [Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Commercial Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
[Baltimore] Farmer and Gardner.
* Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Genius of Universal Emancipation, or
American Anti-Slavery Joumalj and Eegister of News.
Baltimore Intelligencer.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Eeligious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Maryland Colonization Journal.
[Baltimore] Mutual Eights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] News Letter.
[Baltimore] Nicholson's Lottery Gazette.
[Baltimore] Mies' Weekly Eegister.

EAELT MAETLAND NEWSPAPEES.

335

* Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.
* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
Baltimore Saturday Visiter.
[Bel-Air] Harford Republican.
[Bel-Air] Independent Citizen.
[Boonsboro] Cracker( ?)
[Boonsboro] Odd Fellow.
Cambridge Chronicle.
[Cambridge] Dorcbester Aurora.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chestertown] Krait Bugle.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Cumberland] Phoenix Civilian.
[Denton] Caroline Advocate.

* [Easton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.

[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Gazette and Farmers' and
Mechanics' Advertiser.
Fell's Point News Letter and Mercantile Advertiser.
Frederick Herald.

* [Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.
[Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser.

[Frederick] Times.
[Hagerstown] Mail and Washington
County Republican Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Torch-Light and Public Advertiser.
[Port Deposit] Cecil Whig and Port Deposit Weekly Courier.
[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Rockville] Maryland Free Press.

* Westminster Carroltonian.
[WiUiamsport] Republican Banner.

1836

* [Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
* [Annapolis] Maryland Republican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.

336

MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

* [Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.

* [Baltimore] Columbian.

[Baltimore] Commercial Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
[Baltimore] Daily Intelligener.
* Baltimore Daily Transcript.
[Baltimore] Farmer and Gardner.
* Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
* [Baltimore] Jefferson Reformer and
Baltimore Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Maryland Colonization Journal.
[Baltimore] Mutual Rights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] Niles' Weekly Register.
* Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.
* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser,
[Baltimore] Samuel Ludvigh's Campagne-Blatt( ?)
Baltimore Saturday Visiter.

* Baltimore Trades Union.

[Bd-Air] Harford Citizen and Cecil Whig and Courier.
* [Belle-Air] Harford Republican.
[Bel-Air] Independent Citizen.
[Bel-Air] Madisonian and Harford and Cecil Advertiser.
[Boonsboro] Odd Fellow.
Cambridge Chronicle.
[Cambridge] Dorchester Aurora.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chesterto-wn] Kent Bugle.
[Cumberland] Alleganian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Cumberland] Phoenix Civilian.
[Denton] Caroline Advocate.

* [Easton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.

[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.

EAELT MAETLAND KBWSPAPEBS.

337

[Elkton] Cecil Gazette and Farmers' and
. Mechanics' Advertiser.
Elkton Courier.
* Frederick Citizen.
Frederick Herald.
* [Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.
* [Frederick] Kepublican Citizen.

[Frederick] Times
Hagerstovsrn Hail and Washington
County Kepublican Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Torch-Light and Public Advertiser.
[Port Deposit] Cecil Whig and Port Deposit Weekly Courier.
[Princess Anne] People's Press.
[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Kookville] Maryland Free Press.
[Upper Marlboro] Bulletin.
[Upper Marlboro] Marlboro Gazette, and
Prince George's County Advertiser.
* Westminster Carroltouian.

1837

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
[Annapolis] Maryland Republican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.
* [Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
Baltimore Daily Transcript.
[Baltimore] Eastern Express.
[Baltimore] Farmer and Gardner.
* Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Jefferson Eeformer and

Baltimore Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Kaleidoscope.
[Baltimore] Maryland Colonization Journal.
[Baltimore] Merchant.

338

MAEYliAND HISTOEICAI. MAGAZIITB.

[Baltimore] Mutual Rights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] Niles' Weekly Register.
Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.
* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
Baltimore Saturday Visiter.
[Baltimore] Southern. Pioneer.
[Baltimore] Spirit of the Times.
* [Baltimore] Sun.
[Baltimore] Weekly Sun.
[Bel-Air] Harford Republican.
[Bel-Air] Madisonian and Harford and Baltimore Advertiser.
[Boonsboro] Odd Fellow.
Cambridge Chronicle.
[Cambridge] Dorchester Aurora.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Chestertown] Kent Bugle.
[Cmnberland] Alleganian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Cumberland] Phoenix Civilian.
[Denton] Caroline Advocate.

* [Easton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.

[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Gazette and Farmers' and
Mechanics' Advertiser.
Elkton Courier.
Frederick Herald.

* [Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.

* [Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser.

* [Frederick] Times and Democratic Advocate.
* Frederick Visiter.
*Hagerstown Mail and Washington
County Republican Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Torch-Light and Public Advertiser.
[Port Deposit] Cecil Whig and
Port Deposit Weekly Courier.

BiLELT MABYLAND WEWSPAPEBS.

339

[Princess Anne] People's Press.
[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Rockville] Maryland Free Press.
[Upper Marlboro] Marlboro Gazette, and
Prince George's County Advertiser.
* Westminster Carroltonian.

1838

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazette and Political Intelligencer.
* [Annapolis] Maryland Eepublican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.
[Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.

* Baltimore Commercial Transcript.

Baltimore Daily Transcript.

* [Baltimore] Democratic Herald.

[Baltimore] Eastern Express.
[Baltimore] Farmer and Gardner.
Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Geschaf tige Martha.
[Baltimore] Jefferson Kefonner and
Baltimore Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] Kaleidoscope.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.
Baltimore Literary Monument. ( ?)
[Baltimore] Maryland Colonization Journal.
[Baltimore] Merchant.
[Baltimore] Mutual Eights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] ^Tiles' "Weekly Register.
* Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser.
Baltimore Patriot and Commercial Gazette.
* Baltimore Price Current (Lyford's).
* Baltimore Eepublican and Commercial Advertiser.
Baltimore Saturday Visiter.
[Baltimore] Spirit of the Times.
* [Baltimore] Sun.

34:0

MA3KYLAWD HISTOBICAL MAGAZINE.

[Baltimore] Weekly Sun.
* [Baltimore] Whig.
[Bel-Air] Harford Eepublican.
[Bel-Air] Madisonian.
[Boonsboro] Odd Fellow.
Cambridge Chronicle.
[Cambridge] Dorchester Aurora.
Centerville Times and Public Advertiser.
[Ohestertown] Kent Bugle.
[Cumberland] AUeganian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Cumbreland] Phoenix Civilian.
[Denton] Caroline Advocate.
* [Easton] Eastern-Shore Whig and People's Advocate.
[Easton] Republican Star and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Gazette and Earmers' and
Mechanics' Advertiser.
Elkton Courier.
Frederick Herald.

* [Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.

* [Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser.

* [Frederick] Times and Democratic Advocate.
* Frederick Visiter.
Hagerstown Mail and Washington
County Eepublican Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Torch Light and Public Advertiser.
[Port Deposit] Cecil Whig and Port Deposit Weekly Courier.
[Princess Anne] Herald.
[Princess Anne] People's Press.
[Princess Anne] Somerset Herald.
[Princess Anne] Village Herald.
[Rockville] Maryland Free Press.
[Snow-Hill] Worcester Banner.
[Upper Marlboro] Marlboro Gazette, and
Prince G«cwfe's County Advertiser.

EABLY MABTLAND NBWSPAPBBS.

341

* Westminster Carroltonian.
* [Westminster] Democrat and OarroU County KepuWican.

1839

[Annapolis] Maryland Gazettq and Political Intelligencer.
* [Annapolis] Maryland Republican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.
[Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] American Farmer and Spirit of the
Agricultural Journals of the Day.

* Baltimore Clipper.

[Baltimore] Commercial Chronicle and Daily Marylander.
[Baltimore] Demokratische Whig.
[Baltimore] Farmer and Gardner,

Baltimore Gazette.
[Baltimore] Geschaftige Martha.
Baltimore Literary Monument. ( ?)
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.
[Baltimore] Maryland Colonization Journal.
[Baltimore] Mutual Rights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] jSTiles' I'J'ational Register.
Baltimore Patriot and Commercial Gazette.
* Baltimore Price Current (Lyford's).
Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
Baltimore Saturday Visiter.
[Baltimore] Spirit of the Times.

* [Baltimore] Sun.
[Baltimore] Wahrbeitsverbreiter.

[Baltimore] Weekly Sun.
[Baltimore] Whig.
[Bel Air] Harford Republican.
[Bel Air] Madisonian.
[Boonsboro] Odd Fellow.
[Cambridge] Dorchester Aurora.
[Cambridge] Weekly Chronicle and Farmers Register.

342

MAETXAND HISTOBICAX MAQAZIKB.

Centerville Evening Times and
Eastern Shore Public Advertiser.
[Chestertown] Kent l^"ews.
[Cinnberland] AUeganian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Cumberland] Phoenix Civilian.

* [Easton] Eastern-Shore Whig and People's Advocate.

[Easton] Eepublican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Gazette & Farmers' & Mechanics' Advertiser.
[Emmitsburg] Gazette.
Frederick Herald.

* [Frederick] Political Examiner and Public Advertiser.

[Frederick] Republican Citizen.
* [Frederick] Times and Democratic Advocate.
* Frederick Visiter.
* [Hagerstown] Herald of Freedom.
Hagerstown Mail and Washington
County Eepublican Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Torch-Light and Herald.
[Hagerstown] Washinc;ton County Democrat.
[Havre-de-Grace] Susquehanna Advocate and
Harrison Democrat.
Leonard Town Herald.
[Leonardtown] St. Mary's Beacon. (?)
[Port Deposit] Cecil Whig and Port Deposit Weekly Courier.
Port Deposit, Kock and Cecil County Commercial Advertiser.
[Princess Anne] Somerset Herald.
[Snow-Hill] Worcester Banner.
[Upper Marlboro] Marlboro Gazette, and
Prince Greorge's County Advertiser.
Westminster Carroltonian.
[Westminster] Democrat and Carroll County Eepublican.

1840

[Annapolis] Maryland Eepublican and
Political and Agricultural Museum.

EABLT MAETLATO KEWSPAPEBS.

[Baltimore] American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.
[Baltimore] American Farmer and Spirit of the
Agricultural Journals of the Day.
* Baltimore Clipper.
[Baltimore] Daily Argus.
[Baltimore] Daily Evening Gazette.
[Baltimore] Demokratische Whig.
[Baltimore] Deutsche Correspondent. ( ?)
Baltimore Gazette.
[Baltimore] Geschaftige Martha.

* [Baltimore] Log Cabin Advocate.
[Baltimore] Lutheran Observer and
Weekly Literary Religious Visitor.

[Baltimore] Maryland Colonization Journal.
[Baltimore] Mutual Rights and Methodist Protestant.
[Baltimore] Niles' ITational Register.
[Baltimore] Ocean.
* Baltimore Patriot and Commercial Gazette.

* [Baltimore] Pilot and Transcript.
Baltimore Post and Oommercial Transcript.

* Baltimore Price Current (Lyford's).
* Baltimore Republican and Commercial Advertiser.
Baltimore Saturday Visiter.

* [Baltimore] Spirit of Democracy.
[Baltimore] Spirit of the Times.

* [Baltimore] Sun.
* [Baltimore] Weekly Pilot. '

[Baltimore] Weekly Sun.
[Bel Air] Harford Republican.
[Boonsboro] Odd Fellow.
Cambridge Chronicle.
[Cambridge] Democrat and Dorchester Advertiser. ( ?)
[Cambridge] Dorchester Aurora.
Centerville Evening Times and Eastern Shore
Public Advertiser.
[Chester Town] Kemt iN'ews.

344

MABTLATO HISTOEIOAL MAOAZIWE.

[Cumberland] Alleganian.
Cumberland Civilian.
[Cumberland] Maryland Advocate.
[Denton] Pearl.
* [Easton] Eastern Shore Whig and People's Advocate.
Easton Gazette.
[Easton] Republican Star, and Eastern Shore
General Advertiser.
[Elkton] Cecil Democrat.
[Elkton's] Cecil Gazette, Farmers' & Mechanics' Advertiser.
[EUicott's Mills] Howard Eree Press.
Frederick Herald.
* [Frederick] Political Examiner.
[Frederick] Republican Citizen and State Advertiser. ( ?)
[Frederick] Times and Democratic Advocate.
* Frederick Visiter.

* Hagerstown Family Intelligencer.

* [Hagerstown] Herald of Freedom.
* Hagerstown Mail and Washington

County Republican Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Odd Fellow.
* Hagers-Town Torch Light and Public Advertiser.
[Hagerstown] Washington County Democrat.
[Havre-de-Grace] Susquehanna Advocate and
Harrison Democrat.
[Leonardtown] St. Mary's Beacon.
[Port Deposit] Cecil Whig and Port Deposit Weekly Courier.
[Princess Anne] Somerset Herald.
[Rockville] Farmer's Friend.
[Snow-HiU] Worcester Banner.
[Upper Marlboro] Marlboro Gazette, and
Prince George's County Advertiser.
* Westminster Carroltonian.
[Westminster] Democrat and Carroll Comity Republican.
[Williamsport] EepuWican Banner.

{To he Continued.)

BAITIMOSB COUNTY LAND BEOORDS OF 1673. 345

BALTIMOEE COUNTY LAND BECOEDS OF 1673.

Contributed by Loms Dow Scisco.

The Anglo-Dutch naval war seems not to have affected activity
in colonial land transfers, for the number of recorded deeds is
quite up to the average. As for institutional progress, there is
nothing in these deeds to show any local development or any
spread of population to new areas.

The items here following summarize pages 101 to 223 of the
original land-record liber G. No. J, and also pages 71 to 169 of
the transcript in liber T E No. E A. There are two interpola-
tions in the record, showing payments of alienation fees in 1674.

Deed, March 1, 1672-73, Thomas Howell conveying to James Hepbourne
200 acres at the head of Fishing Creek in Sassafras River, adjoining land
of Mr. Joseph Gundry. Witnesses, John Hodgson senior, John Owen.

Deed, March 2, 1672-73, Nathaniell Utie, gentleman, for 3,000 pounds of
tobacco, conveying to Rutten Garret, planter, a 300-acre portion of the
800-acre tract " Oakinton " on the north side of Swan Creek. Witnesses,
Thomas Long, Henry Ward. Interpolated mtrj that Sheriff Thomas
Carleton on March 13, 1673-74, has received from Edward Bedell, for credit
of Rutgers Garret, 36 pounds of tobacco for alienation, and entry is certi-
fied by Clerk Thomas Hedge.

Deed, January 1, 1672-73, Henry Eldesley, planter, conveying to Ebe-
nezar Blackston, planter, 100 acres at Sassafras River, beginning at the
landing of Nicholass AUum and being part of land formerly belonging to
Capt. Thomas Howell. Parnell Eldesley signs with grantor. Witnesses,

John Owen, William Gives, Miles Gibson.

Deed, September 5, 1671, John Vanlieeok, gentleman, and wife Sarah
conveying to Thomas Hawker 300 acres formerly conveyed by Vanheeck
to him, adjoining land of Capt. Josias Fendall at Fendall's Creek. Wit-
nesses, Richard Ball, T. Salmon. Appendant certificate, June 18, 1673, of
delivery of seisin by Vanheeck, signed by T. Salmon, William Salsbury.

Deed, December 4, 1672, Robert Taylor, planter, of Gunpowder River,
for 1,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to Joseph Peircey, carpenter, of
Back River, the 100-acre tract " Taylors Delight " on the east side of
Gunpowder River. Witnesses, John Taylor, John Waterton.

Deed, April 6, 1672, John Browning, planter, and wife Elizabeth, for
28,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to Richard Nash of Kent County 300
acres near Bohemia River, called Brewaiag plantatim, patmted July 21,

346

MARTLAITD HISTORICAL MAGAZIKE.

1664, to Abraham Morgan, who conveyed it to Thomas Browning, father
of the grantor; by same deed Henry Ward, esquire, is named attorney to
record the deed. Witnesses, Augustine Herrman, Kowland Williams,
Thomas Shelton. Appendant certificate, April 6, that grantors hare
delivered seisin to Nash, signed by same witnesses.

Deed, March 4, 1672-73, Richard Leake, tailor, and wife Gwilthin, for
7,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to Hanse Peterson and James Watson,
planters, the 300-acre tract called the Indian Bange, at the head of the
western branch of Back Creek in Sassafras Kiver, adjoining John Cock's
land and bounded by Cocke's Branch. Witnesses, Richard Ball, T. Salmon.

Deed, June 3, 1672, John Desjardins, gentleman, conveying to John
Rogers, merchant, of Bristol, the 50-acre tract " Port Royall " at Port
Royal! Creek in Rumley Creek, patented May 1, 1672, to Desjardins.
Witnesses, James Frisbie, John Vanheecke. Minute of acknowledgment
on June 3, 1673.

Deed, June 3, 1673, Matliew Adams, planter, and wife Ann, for 2,700
pounds of tobacco, conveying to Jonathan Lincolne, planter, 50 acres at
Sassafras River, it being the half next to Swan Creek of land bought by
Adams from Thomas Pryor of Sassafras River. Witnesses, John Van-
heeck, T. Salmon. Appendant receipt July 2, 1673, from Sheriff Thomas
Carleton for one shilling paid by Lincolne for alienation.

Assignment, May 27, 1673, Obadiah Judkins of Talbot County convey-
ing to John Hillen of Anne Arundel County a patent and land therein
described which was assigned to him by Henry Downes. Witnesses, Wil-
liam Southebe, Joshua Shaller.

Assignment, May 27, 1673, Obadiah Judkins of Talbot County, for 4,000
pounds of tobacco, conveying to John Hillen a deed of sale and land
therein described formerly made to him by Henry Downee and wife Bridget.
Witnesses, William Southebee, Joshua Shaller.

Letter of attorney. May 27, 1673, Obadiah Judkins and wife Jane of
Talbot County appointing Abraham Strand of Baltimore County their
attorney to acknowledge convejrance of 300 acres to John Hillen and of

their patent and deed therefor, and to give Hillen seisin by turf and twig.
Witnesses, D. Humbert, Henry Eldesley.

Assignment, January 7, 1667-68, Henry Downes and wife Bridget con-
veying to Obadiah Judkins of Miles River in Talbot County a patent and
land therein described. Witnesses, Matt. Morton, Robert Dunn.

Deed, May 27, 1673, Obadiah Judkins and wife Jane of Talbot County,
for 4,000 pounds of tobacco, convepng to John Hillen the 300-acre tract
" Hay Downe " on the south side of Captain John's Creek on south side
of Elk River, between Goldsmith's Branch and Downes Branch and east
of land of one Cavokerr now owned by James White, said tract patented
September 15, 1665, to Henry Downes. Witnesses, William Southebe,
Joshua Shaller. Appendant certificate, June 2, 1673, that Abraham Strand
as attorney has ^irered seisin, to Hillen, witnessed by Tkomas Shelton,

BAI,TIMOKB COUNTY Z-AND KBOORDS OI" 16T3. 347

Nathaniel Hillen. Appendant receipt form for alienation fee is blank exeept
for Hillen's name entered.

Partition deed, June 3, 1673, John Eyley and John Webster, planters,
dividing equally their land at Swan Creek on south side of Sassafras
River, bought jointly by them in 1670 from William Palmer, Webster to
have the half next to Swan Creek with 30 perches of river frontage. Wit-
nesses, William Toulson, T. Salmon.

Deed, August 4, 1673, John George, planter, for 2,000 pounds of tobacco,
conveying to Thomas Rumsey the 200-acre tract " Fareall " on the west
side of Torson's Creek in Sassafras River, adjoining land formerly tak^
up by Andrew Torson. Witnesses, Thomas Gilbert, George Brocas.

Deed, March 10, 1672-73, John Lee conveying to William Osborne his
half of the tract " Spryes Marsh " on the east side of Bush River about
three miles up. Witnesses, Eusebius Beale, Benjamin Blofield. Wife
Florence Lee assigns all her interest, witnessed by Benjamin Blofeild.

Letter of attorney, June 2, 1673, William Osborne appointing Eusebius
Beale his attorney to acknowledge conveyance of land to Anthony Brispoe.
Appendant letter authorizes Beale to take acknowledgment of Lee's con-
veyance of his half-share to Osborne. No witnesses recorded.

Deed, June 2, 1673, William Osborne and John Lee, for 1,200 pounds
of tobacco, conveying to Anthony Brispoe the 100-acre tract " Mates Angle "
on the east side of Bush River about five miles up. Witnesses, Eusebius
Beale, Benjamin Blofeild.

Deed, June 2, 1673, Samuell Tracey, gentleman, of Gunpowder Kivcr,
for 6,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to James Wells and Thomas Rich-
ardson, planters, 160 acres, being part of the tract " Taylors Mount " on
the south side of the eastern branch at the head of Gunpowder River,
adjoining lands of Richard Winley and of Thomas Marley which were
parts of "Taylors Mount," grantor giving warranty for himself and for
Hugh Williams. Witnesses, Richard Winley, John Watcrton.

Deed, October 19, 1672, Robert Chapman of Kent County conveying to
Thomas Phelleps or Phelps of Anne Arundel County the tract "Woolfes
Neck" at Swann Creek on the south side of the western branch of Gun-
powder River, acreage not stated, adjoining land formerly taken up by
Capt. Thomas Haxwood, marine. Witnesses, Jonathan Neale, Edmond
Booney.

Deed, November 10, 1672, James Magreegory, planter, conveying to John
Poole, planter, 175 acres at Omeely's Creek in Bohemia River. Witnesses,
John Vanheck, James Prisbie.

Deed, August 2, 1673, William Salsbury, planter, and wife Sarah, for
6,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to William Morgan and William Welsh,
planters, the 200-aore tract " Pawmouth " on Worton Creek, adjoining
land formerly taken up by Capt. Cornwallis, patented on May 1, 1672, to
Salsbury. Witnesses, Henry Ward, T. Salmon.

Deed, August 2, 1673, John Marscord and Matbew Eniveington, plast-
3

34:8

MAETLANB HISTOBICAL MA&AZIKK.

ers, for 12,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to Barnard Utie the 200-acre
tract " Beaver Neck " at Muskeeto Creek. Jane Marseord signs with
grantors. Wi4aie8ses> Andrew Bennet, Smiy Haslewood, Mense Stikle-
kamp.

Deed, August 4, 1673, George Harris, planter, of Kent County, for 2,000
pounds of tobacco, conveying to Henry Bldesly, planter, land at Stony
Point on the south side of Sassafras River, acreage not stated. Witnesses,

James Wrayeth, Nicholas Allome.

Bond, August 4, 1673, George Harris, planter, of Kent County, obligat-
ing himself for 4,000 pounds of tobacco to Henry Eldesly for warranty of
title to land at Sassafras River sold to Bldesly. Witnesses, James
Wrayeth, Nicholas Allome.

Deed, July 24, 1673, William Salsbury, planter, and wife Sarah, for
4,300 pounds of tobacco, conveying to Thomas Salmon 200 acres at Worton
Creek, adjoining land of John Bromfeild, it being part of land bought
from Col. Edward Carter of Virginia. Witnesses, Thomas Howell, John
Vanheeck.

Bond, July 24, 1673, William Salsbury, planter, for self and wife Sarah,
obligating himself for 10,000 pounds of tobacco, to Thomas Salmon for
warranty of title to land, sold to Salmon. Witnesses, Thonuis Howell,

John Vanheeck.

Deed, May 30, 1673, Robert Hawkins, heir and administrator of John
Hawkins, deceased, conveying to William Dunkerton and Thomas Overton
the 700-acre tract " Colleton " fronting on the eastern aide of the Bay and
adjoining Godfrey Bayley's land, patented February 15, 1659-60, to Richard
Collet, planter, and assigned by him to John Hawkins. Witnesses, Thomas
Howell, James Friabie.

Deed, May 30, 1673, Robert Hawkins, heir and administrator of John
Hawkins, deceased, conveying to William Dunkerton and Thomas Overton,
the 150-acre tract " The Tryangle ", north of land at Elk River formerly
taken up by Richard and John Collet, and south of land formerly taken up
by Richard Collet, patented September 30, 1667, to John Hawkins. Wit-
nesses, Thomas Howell, James Frisbie.

Deed, May 30, 1673, Robert Hawkins, heir and administrator of John
Hawkins, deceased, conveying to William Dunkerton and Thomas Overton
500 acres adjoining land of John Hawkins, deceased, lately possessed by
John Collet, junior, deceased, it being one-half of the tract " Tryumph "
at Elk River formerly taken up by John Collet, senior, and George Gold-
smith, deceased. Witnesses, Thomas Howell, James Frisbie.

Deed, May 30, 1673, Robert Hawkins, heir and administrator of John
Hawkins, deceased, conveying to William Dunkerton and Thomas Overton
the 600-acre tract " Two Necks " at Crooked Creek on the north side of
Elk River, adjoining the tract " Turkey Point " formerly taken up by
Richard Wright, patented July 21, 1664, to Richard and John Collet,
gentlemen, and assigned by John Collet to John Hawkins. Witnesses,
Thomas Howell, James Frisbie.

BALTIMOEB COUITTT LAND EBCOBDS OF 1673 349

Bond, May 30, 1673, Robert Hawkins, ropemaker, obligating bimself for
200,000 pounds of tobacco to William Dunkerton and Thomas Overton,
gentlemen, on behalf of self and wife Hanna, as warranty of title to 1,950
acres sold to Dunkerton and Overton. Witnesses, Thomas Howell, James
Friabie.

Clerk's minute reading "At A Coidbe held for Baltemore County
Nouembr 4th, 1673 ".

Letter of attorney, June 15, 1673, Charles Gorsuch appointing Thomas
Long his attorney to acknowledge sale of 86 acres to Roger Sidwell.
Witnesses, William Coubourne, John Kemp. •

Deed, June 10, 1673, Charles Gorsuch conveying to Roger Sedwell,
planter, the 88-acre tract " The Prospect " near the head of Bare Creek
on the south side of Bads River, as patented to Gorsuch. Witnesses, John
Johnson, John Barret.

Deed, November 4, 1673, John James, planter, conveying to Thomas
Thurston the 200-acre tract " Turkey Hill " at the head of Bush River on
the northeast branch. Witnesses, Miles Gibson, Edward Allely( ?), Thomas
Troute.

Deed, November 4, 1673, Edward Horton, planter, for 2,100 pounds of
tobacco, conveying to Thomas Byworth of Patapsco River the 100-acre tract
" Hortons Fortune ", adjoining lands of Robert Gorsuch and of John
Godfrey, patented July 10, 1671. Witnesses, George Utie, T. Salmon.

Deed, November 4, 1673, Henry Eldealy, planter, and wife Parnell, for
14,000 pounds of tobacco, conveying to James Wrath two adjoining parcels
on the south side of Sassafras River, one being 175 acres, part of the tract
"Drecut" taken up by Henry Jones, deceased, and the other being land
bought by Eldesly from its late occupant George Harris, deceased, late of
Kent. Witnesses, Gideon Gundry, Henry Haslewood. Interpolated entry
that Sheriff Thomas Carleton on March 30, 1674, has received from Wrath
27 pound^ of tobacco for alienation of 226 acres.

The following papers dated in this year are recorded on pages
44 to 46 of liber I S JSTo. I K whicli carries a transcript of
excerpts from an older liber I C No. A, now missing.

Bond, June 3, 1673, Joseph Hughes obligating himself to re-convey to
Thomas Heath some land lately bought from Heath, in case of non-payment
of the last bill of debt given for it by Hughes, and if Hughes dies before
payment the land reverts to Heath and Heath will return payments pre-
viously made. Witnesses, John Errickson, Euesebius Beale.

Bill of debt, January 28, 1672-73, Joseph Hughes agreeing to pay Thomas
Heath, planter, 1,800 pounds of tobacco by October 10, 1674. Witnesses,
David Thomas, Thomas Taldersby.

Bill of debt, January 28, 1672-73, Joseph. Hughes, carpenter, agreeing to

350

MAETLATO HISTOEICAL MAQAZIWIC.

pay Thomas Heath 611 pounds of tobacco after October 10 next. Witnesses,
David Thomas, Thomas Talterby.

Bill of debt, March 1, 1672-73, Joseph Hughes agreeing to pay Thomas
Heath of Bush River 262 ppunds of tobacco after October 10 next.
Witnesses, Eueebius Beale, Anthony Brispo.

PEOCIEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY.

May Sth, 19SS. — The regular meeting of the Society was
held tonight with the President in the chair.

A list of the donations made to the Library and Gallery since
the last meeting was read.

Mr. Louis H. Dielman was recognized by the Chair and he
gave a brief sketch of the old swivel gun now on exhibition in
the library. It is the tradition that this gun was used in the
defense of Fort Cumberland. Photographs of the gun have
been sent to various authorities on the subject of fire arms and
they have given us some interesting information. The. Curator
of Fort Ticonderoga presented us with a piece of flint of the
type used in the swivel gun.

It was noted that there were no nominations for membership
and each member was asked ta recognize his duty and try to
secure a new member.

The following named persons, having been previously nomi-
nated, were elected to membership :

Mr. Skipwith Wilmer Pleasants
Mr. E. E. Griffith
Mr. Arthur Tracey

The death of our member Mrs. William Thomas Wilson was
reported.

Dr. William Eush Dunton, Jr., was then introduced. He
showed some lovely examples of early quilts and gave a brief
history of each one. Some colored lantern glides were also
shovra. in this connection.

PKOCEEDINOS OF ?rHE BOCIETT.

351

Mr. J. Alexis Shriver moved that a standing vote of thanks
be extended to Dr. Dimton for his most delightful and interest-
ing talk.

October 9th, 193S. — The regular meeting of the Society was
held tonight at the Peabody Institute, in the Concert Hall. Duo
to the interest created among our members in the lecture on
the Rockefeller Institute Eestoration Work at Williamsburg,
Virginia, our library was not adequate to take care of the num-
ber of persons wishing to attend.

Mr. W. Hall Harris, President of the Maryland Historical
Society presided, but announced that all matters of regular
business would be dispensed with, excepting the reading of the
names of those persons who have been placed in nomination for
membership in the Society since the last regular meeting.

Mr. William G. Perry, member of the firm of Perry and
Shaw of Boston, gave a very interesting talk on the Rockefeller
Restoration Work at Williamsburg, Virginia, and showed lan-
tern slides of the progress being made on these old buildings.

November 13th, 1933. — The regular meeting of the Society
was held tonight with the President in the chair.

The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved as
read. President Harris expressed the thanks of the Society
for the courtesy of the Peabody Institute in allowing us to hold
our October Meeting in the Peabody Concert Hall owing to the
number of members of the Society who wished to attend, and
the rooms of this Society being too small to accommodate the
crowd.

The following named persons wero elected to membership :

Mr. John Carroll Stow Mrs. John Paul Tyler

Mr. Delmar L. Thornbury Mrs. Joseph Earle Moore

Mr. Roland M. Hooker Mrs. J. Frederick Essary

Mr. John Meagher Mr. William Walter Bryan

352

MARYUlWD HISTOBIOAL MIAGAZIWE.

Miss Cecilia M. Muth Mr. James K. Paine

Dr. George F. Libby Dr. William Mercer Sprigg

Mrs. William S. Hilles Mr. Edward H. Glidden, Jr.

Mr. James C. Thompson Mr. Edw. Breckenridge Lowndes

Mr. James Rittenhouse Miss Julia E. Spilker

Mrs. Elmore B. Jeffery Mr. Henry Chandlee Forman

Mrs. Eli Vernon Brown Mr. K. Bennett Darnall

Dr. George M. Anderson Mr. Charles J. Werner

Mr. B. Harris Henderson Miss Ella Ijams
Rt. Eev. C. E. Thomas

Mr. J. Alexis Shriver was recognized by the Chair. He
gave a brief account of the very successful day spent by the
members of the Harford County Historical Society at Tudor
Hall, near Belair, commemorating the 100th anniversary of the
birth of Edwin Booth. A letter was read from Mr. E. H.
Sothoron of the Players Guild expressing his regret at being
unable to attend the exercises due to his sailing on the 28rd
of October but extended the very best wishes of Mrs. Sothoron
and himself for the efforts of the Maryland Historical Society
and the Harford County Historical Society to honor the birth
of Edwin Booth. It may be noted here that Mr. Sothoron died
on the day that he was to sail for Europe.

The Maryland Tercentenary Commission has extended to
this Society a cordial invitation to be present on the 22nd of
ISTovember, at 2 : 30 P. M., at the War Memorial to hear the
broadcast from Cowes, England and the answer to be returned
by Gov. Ritchie, and a word of greeting from President Roose-
velt, all in connection with the unveiling at Cowes by the Mary-
land bom Lord Fairfax of the tablet which is being placed in
honor of the sailing of the " Ark " and the " Dove."

Mrs. Arthur Barneveld Bibbins was then introduced and she
gave a most entertaining talk on the English homes of the Lords
Baltimore, illustrated with lantern slides.

It was moved, seconded and carried that a rising vote of
thanks be extended to Mrs. Bibbins in appreciation for such a
delightful evenings entertainment.

PBOCBEmNQS OF THE SOCIETY.

353

Deceviber 11th, 193S. — The regular meeting of the Society
was held tonight with President Harris in the chair.

The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved as
read.

A list of the donations to the library since the last meeting
was read.

The following named persons, having been previously nomi-
nated, were elected to membership :

Active

Dr. Noble 0. Powell Mr. Henry K Walker

Dr. Angus L. MacLean Mrs. James M. Warrick

Mr. Kent R. MuUikin Mr. Basil Sollers

Mr. Robert M. Torrence Dr. Raymond Gerard Willse

Sister M. Olotilde Holbein

Associate

Mr. Thomas M. Goodrich

The following deaths were reported from among our mem-
bers:

Mr. John D. TJrie, on November 19th, 1933.

Mrs. Hester Dorsey (Albert Levin) Richardson, on Decem-
ber 10th, 1933.

The President spoke of the lamentable fact that the Key
manuscript of the Star Spangled Banner is to be offered for sale
at auction in New York City but that it was not within the
power of the Society to make any drastic efforts to try to save
it for Baltimore.

Mr. James E. Hancock, President of the Society of the War
of 1812 in Maryland, was recognized. He told of the efforts
of his Society to obtain some details of the sale and perhaps
arrange to secure the manuscript for the Society of 1812. In
this connection he introduced the following resolutions:

" Whereas, We have heard that the original manuscript of
the Star Spangled Banner as written by Francis Scott Key
is about to be disposed of by the executors of the Estate of the
late Henry Walters.

S54

MAKTLAKD HISTOBIOAL MA^i^NE.

" Avd whereas. We have understood that Mr. Henry Walters
had purchased said manuscript -with the understanding that it
would be kept in Baltimore.

" Therefore he it resolved. That the Maryland Historical So-
ciety, assembled in General ]\rceting, December eleventh, nine-
teen hundred and thirty-three, would deprecate the departure
of this interesting relic which is so closely identified with the
history of Baltimore, and hope that proper means will be taken
to retain it in this city."

The motion was seconded and unanimously carried.

Mr, William L. Marhury was recognized by the Chair. He
suggested that the Society express to his honor the Mayor of
Baltimore that an effort be made by the City to secure the Key
manuscript.

Upon motion duly seconded and carried the Corresponding
Secretary was advised to inform the Mayor of Baltimore of the
feeling of the Society in the matter of the Key manuscript, and
to forward to him a copy of the Resolutions as presented by Mr.
Hancock.

The President brought to the attention of the meeting the pos-
sibility of having the Rotary Club of Baltimore deposit with
this Society the memorial plaque which has been presented to
said club by the Cowes Rotary Club in connection with the
unveiling of the tablet at Cowes, England, commemorating the
sailing from there of the " Ark " and the " Dove."

It was moved that a Committee be appointed to take this
matter up with the President of the Baltimore Rotary Club, and
the following named members of the Society to constitute said
Committee. Mr. William Ingle, Mr. Thomas Foley Hisky, and
Mr. J. Alexis Shriver.

The motion was duly seconded and carried.

The President extended the thanks of the Society to Mr.
Henry Chandlee Forman for his gift to the library of a volume
prepared by him entitled, " The Turner Family of ' Hebron '
and Betterton, Maryland."

KptliS, BEVIBWS AND QTIEBIBS.

355

Mr. .Forman, the speaker of the evening, was then recognized
and he gave a most delightful talk on the Seventeenth and
Eighteenth Century architecture of Maryland, and later shovi^ed
colored lantern slides of the exterior and interior views of some
of the earliest houses in St. Mary's and on the Eastern Shore
of Maryland.

Upon motion of Mr. J. Alexis Shriver, duly seconded and
carried, the thanks of the Society were extended to Mr. Forman
for his most interestii^ and entertaining lecture.

NOTES, REVIEWS AND QUERIES.

First Settlement of ye Plantations of Piscatawy and Wood-
bridge, olde East New Jersey. By Obba Eugene Mon-
NETTE. (A scries of eight or more parts.) Los Angeles,
California, Limited to 350 copies.

Part five of this work has just been received, covering pages
650 to 884 and containing 47 illustrations. It is difficult to

comment intelligently on this work in its incomplete state, as it
is different in construction from other genealogical works. It
contains a great mass of data supported by photostatic and
photographic copies of documents and records. The material
is doubtless of great value, but until the contemplated index is
completed it is obviously difficult of access, as the tables of
contents do not give an adequate clue to the vast amount of
material gathered into these nearly 900 pages. When com-
pleted and fully indexed, it will doubtless take its place as a
major achievement in genealogy.

Our Earliest Colonial Settlements; their diversities of origin
and later Characteristics. By Chables M. Andbews.
New York, 1933, pp. 179. $2.50. (Stokes Foundation.)

These six lectures by Dr. Andrews are not only illuminating,
as was to be expected, but are equally delightful from a literary
standpoint. The settlements of Virginia, Maseachusetts, Ehode

356

MAETLAITD HISTOKICAL MAGAZIITE.

Island, Connecticut and Maryland are considered from the
point of colonization and later development. " An unbiased
approach to the colonies from the standpoint of their origin will
do something to eliminate those patriotic and nationalistic
obsessions that have often led to an interpretation of the Ameri-
can past in a manner rather ingenious and artificial than his-
torical." A valuable and thoroughly enjoyable work.

Proceedings of the Maryland Court of Appeals, 1696-1729.
Edited by Hon. Cabeoll T. Bond. American Historical
Association, 1933.

This is the first volume in the series of " American Legal
Records," sponsored by the American Historical Association.
From the Foreword we quote : " For the initial volumes, it was
decided to select judicial records of the eighteenth century —
a period even more seriously neglected than the earlier colonial
era — ^beginning wiUi the proceedings of the Maryland Court of
Appeals from 1685 to 1729."

The Founding of Maryland. By Matthew Page Andeews.
WiUiams & Wilkins: Appleton-Century, $4.50.

This timely contribution to the Tercentenary Celebration
of the founding of our commonwealth, is the most important
study of the period that has yet appeared and is by far the best
work that Mr. Andrews has yet done. It should have a place
in every public library and should be patronized by everyone
interested in our local history. The work was sympathetically
reviewed in the Evening Sun of December 9th.

CatOj the Censor, on Farming. Translated by Ernest Bbe-
HATTT. Columbia University Press, 1933, pp. 156. Price,
$3.75. (Records of Civilization, No. XVII.)

That Cato the Elder's De agricultura is an invaluable docu-
ment has been recognized for more than twenty centuries. To
the " Records of Civilization," Mr. Brehaut now adds the first
complete translation into English of Cato's work, and scholar-

NOTES, EEVIEWS AMD QUEEIES.

357

ship is the gainer thereby. Detailed notes accompany the trans-
lation, and an introduction clariiies the text.

It is a handbook upon vine and olive-culture, written for any
gentleman of means who is about to take up agriculture as a
business venture, the only peaceful pursuit open to such a
gentleman.

As a picture of rural life in the old Roman Eepublic, Oato on
Farming, has surpassing merit.

1661 Crescent Place, K W.
Washington, D. C.

Question. Who were the parents of Margaret Crabb who
married Dr. Richard Johns (1703-1748) of Calvert Co., a son

of Abraham and Margaret (Hutching) Johns, and had Eliza-
beth, b. 1734, m. an Orme; Thomas, 1737, m. Sarah Holly-
day (1751- ) dau. of Dr. Leonard HoUyday; Margaret, b.
1742, m. Brooke Beall; Jane, b. ? m. a Ridgely; Philip;
and maybe a sixth child ? "

Notes. Ralph Crabb had a Margaret who m. a Hilleary, as
" Monnette Family " states. That book also states that " Henry
Crabb (1) had one son Ralph," but Ralph's will names brother
Edward; " Semmes Papers " in Md. Hist. Soc. gives will of
Thomas Crabb March, 1719, wife Elizabeth, dau. Elizabeth;
dau. Margaret; dau. Jane, who m. C. S. Smith. Added note
says " Kin. Ralph, a brother, C, S. Smith, son-in-law."

The names of the children of Margaret (Crabb) Johns sug-
gest Thomas as her fatter.

Joseph Birckhead's will, 1739, names nephews Philip and
Williams Johns, sons of his sister Margaret and Dr. Richard
Johns. (I think Joseph was a step-brother of Richard Johns.)

Tours truly,

Edwin T. Pollock,
Captain, U. S. UTavy. (Ret.)

INDEX TO VOLUME XXVIII.

(Names of Authors, Titles of Contributed Papers and Original Docu-
ments in small capitals; book titles noticed or reviewed are in italics.

Abbington Manor, 165.

Adams, Ann ( ), 346.

John Quincy, 2.
Mathew, 44, 346.
Richard, 47.
Addison, Charlotte (Hesselius), 199.

Walter 199.
Africa (ship), 180, 189, 191, 194.
Agnus, Felix, 277.
Allely, Edward, 349.
Allen, iZec. Bennett, 170.
Joseph, 198.
Sarah, 202.
Allender, Dr. Joseph, 232.
AUome, Nicholas, 348.
AUum, Nicholas, 345.
Altham, Father, 301, 302.
American arid Daily Advertiser, 272,
275, 276.

American Colonists in English

Recxjeds. George Sherwood, 196.
Am^can Law Review, 281.
Anderson, Dr. George M., elected, 3S2.

Mounse, 46.
Andrewes, Capt., 191.
Andbews, Chables M. Our Earliest

Colonial Settlements, 355.
Andrews, Matthew Page. The

Founding of Maryland, 356.
Angell, James, 208.
Anne Arundel Manor, 160, 164, 165.
Applegate, Mrs. Emily R., 278.
ArTc and Dove (ships), 283, 307, 352,

354.

Arundell, Lady Anne, 284, 305, 306.

iadj/ Anne (Portrait) , 305.
Lady Blanche, 307, 308.
Roger, 306.

Sir Thomas, 305, 306, 307,
308.

Earl Thomas Howard, 301.
Ashmead, Nancy, 212, 214, 216, 219,

223,_ 234.
Atalanta (ship), 219.
Audley, Thomas, 262.
Avalon, Newfoundland, 290, 298, 299,

300, 301.
Ayxcough, John, 263.

Back Creek, 346.

Bacon, Sir Praneig, 202, 293, 286.

Baker, Andrew, 263.
John, 210.
Newton, D., 277.

Thomas, 263.
William G., Jr., 57.
Baldwin, Capt. Henry, 204.
Ball, Richard, 44, 45, 47, 345, 346.
Baltimore, Lady Anne (Arundell)
306, 307, 308.
Lady Anne (Mynne ) , 296.
Benedict Leonard Cal-

Ith lord, 297.
Cecilius Calvert, 2d lord,
29, 103, 109 fif., 284,
289, 299, 301 fif.
Cecilius Calvert (Por-
trait), 302.
Charles Calvert, Sd lord,
305.

Charles Calvert, Sth
Lord, 148, 150, 151,
152, 163, 168, 170, 171.
' Lady Charlotte (Le«)
297.

George Calvert, 1st lord,

110, 283 fif.
George Calvert (Por-
trait), 283, 293.

Lady Joan ( ), 301.

Lords see also Calvert.
Baltimore American and Daily Ad-
vertiser, 1, 2, 3, 272, 274, 275.
Baltimore Clipper, 1, 3.
Baltimoee Countt Land Records

OF 1672. Louis Dow Scisco, 44.
Baltimore County Land Records

OF 1673. Louis Dow Scisco, 345.
Baltimore Directory, 1796, 273.
Baltimore Intelligencer, 273.
Baltimore Telegraph, 274.
Bamford, William, 9 f.
Bami-oed's Diart, 9.
Bancroft, Mrs. Robert Hale, 49, 50.
Banks, Oen. N. P., 309, 310, 312.
Barber, George, 228.

Capt.' George, 217, 238.
John, 212, 228, 233, 277.
Capt. John, 241.
Luke. 231.

Susan (Rowles), 231.
Bare Cre^, 349.

359

360

MAETLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.

Barney, Gapt. Joshua, 221.

Barret, John, 349.

Barrol, N., 202.

Barton, Randolph, Jr., 57.

Baseter, Roger, 262.

Bayley, Godfrey, 348.

Baxter, John, 304.

Beal, Major, 207.

Beale, Busebius, 347, 349, 350.

Beall, Brooke, 357.

Margaret (Johns) 357.
Beard, Richard, 199.
"Beaver Neck," 348.
Beaverdam Manor, 163, 164.
Bedell, Edward, 345.
Beers, Walter W., 57.
Bell, Edmund Hayes, 74, 281.
" Bellevue," 3.
Belson, John, 195.
Benger, Robert, 48.
Bennet, Andrew, 348.
Bennett, Richard, 113.
Berkeley, Gov. Henry, 109, 110, 113.
Berkley, Dr. Henry J., 52, 57.
Berkley, Dr. Henbt J. Captain

Thomas CornwalUs, 55.
Berrey, Nancy, 237.
Berry, Oapt., 220.
Bevin, George, 243.

Mary (Ogel), 243.
Bias, see Byas.

BiBBiNS, Mrs. Abthue Babnevixd.
The English Beginnings of Mary-
land, 283.

Bibbins, Mrs. Arthur Barneveld, 352.

Bigg, William, 212.

Birckhead, Joseph, 357.

Blackiston's Island, 283.

Blaokston, Ebenezar, 345.

Blair, Montgomery, 320, 321.

Blofield, Benjamin, 347.

Blount, Father Richard, 301, 302.

Bobbins, Polly (Knapp), 208.

Bohemia River, 345, 347.

Bokel, Martha, 280.

Bond, Cakboll T., Ed. Proceedintjs
of the Maryland Court of Appeals,
X696-1729, 356.

Bond, Nancy (Pinkeney), 212.

Book Reviews, Notes and Queries,
74, 196, 281, 355.

Booney, Bdmond, 347.

Booth, Edwin, 352.

Sir George, 116.

Bose (Boss), Catherine, 3, 275, 276.
Catherine (Schock), 2, 3.
Christian, 273, 278.
Elizabeth Emma (Gilder), 3.
Jacob, 2, 3, 275, 278.

Bose, Mary (Goulding), 3.

William, 1 276, 277.
Bose, William, 1796-1875, 1.
Bostwick, Thomas, 46.
Boteler, John, 27.
Bowen, Jesse N., 57.
Bowyer, Adam, 225.
Boyoe, Heyward E., 57.
Bradford, Oov. William, 314, 315,
316.

Bray, Thomas, 56.

Bbehaut, Ernest, tr. Cato, the

Censor, on Farming, 356.
Brent, Alice H., 57.

Giles, 112.
Brewer, Elizabeth (Gastin), 234.

Elizabeth (Wilmott), 283.
EUinor, 219.
John, 227, 234.
Joseph, 223, 233.
Mary, 227.
Nicholas, 234, 242.
Richard, 208.
Brice, James, 202, 237.

Mrs. James, 224, 239.
John, 217.
Samuel, 202.
Bridgewater Manor, Somerset Co.,
163.

Brigg, Nicholas Carroll, 213.
Brigham, Clarence S., 244.
Brigham, Clarence S. Bibliography

of American Newspapers, 119.
Brispo, Anthony, 350.
Brispoe, Anthony, 347.
Brocas, George, 347.
Bromfeild, John, 348.
Brown, Mrs. Eli Vernon, elected, 352

George William, 311.

Mrs. J. Dorsey, elected, 52.

Robert D., 277.

William, 243.

William McCulloh, 278.

Browning, Elizabeth ( ), 345.

John, 345.
Thomas, 346.
Bruce, Howard, 57.
Bryan, E., 259, 265.

William Walter, elected, 351.
Bryce, John, 212.
" Buck Neck," 47.
Buckland, Benjamin, 201.
Bull, Constantine, 200.

Edmond, 1, 3.
Bullin, John, 229.
Bullocke, Prances, 39.
Bumberry, Oapt., 210.
Burgogne, Cfen. John, 13.
Burtcm, Julia B., 5.1.

361

Butcher, John, 221.
Butler, John, 262.
Buttler, Thomas, 39.
Byas, Polly, 229, 232.

Joseph, 233, 234, 239.
Byworth, Thomas, 349.

Callhoun, John, 241.

Sally, 241.
Calvert, Alice (Crosland), 285, 289.
Anne (Mynne), 289, 296.
Benedict, 145, 146, 147, 163,

168, 170.
George, 304.
Grace, 297.
John, 296.

John, of Oulcotes, 287.
Leonard, 112, 285, 286, 287,

288, 289, 304.
William, 287.
Calvert, see also Baltimore, Lordt.
Calvert Papers, 102.
Calverton Manor, 164.
Cameron, Simon, 310.
Campbell, Oapt., 239.

Daniel, 200.
Cancord, Lottie (Price), 215.

William, 215.
Captain John's Creek, 346.
Carey, Matthew, 266.
Carleton, Thomas, 45, 345, 346, 349.
Carlock, Mahel R., 282.
Carpenter, John Delaval, Earl of
Tyrconnell, 297.
Sarah (Crowe), 297.
Adml. Walter Cecil, 296,
297.

Carr, 200.

Col., 15.

William Woodward, 200.
Carroll, Charles, Barrister, 49.

Charles, of Annapolis, 166.
Charles, of Carrollton, 51,
55, 59, 65, 166.
Carroll Park, 49, 50.
Carter, Col. Edward, 45, 348.
Casonovitz, Bev., 8.

CATO, the CeH-SOE, OTT FAKMItfO.

Translated hy flrnest BreJiaut, 356.
Cavokerr, 346.
Cayton, Charles, 201, 218.

William, 201.
Cecil, Dr. Arthur Bond, elected, 56.

Sir Robert, 285, 289, 290, 292.
Chadbome, William, 48.
Champines, Jawyn, 38.

Chandler, (Rodgrers), 232.

Walter, 232.

ChapUne, Deborah, 74.

Col. Joseph, 74, 281.
Ruhamah, 74.
Chapman, Ann, 240.

Polly (Davidson), 230.

Robert, 347.

William, 45.
Chaptico Manor, 164.
Charles I, King of England, 295 -ff.
Charleton, Thomas, 46, 48.
Chase, Jerry, 204.
Cherne Creek, 46.
Chew, Dolly (Weems), 271.

Samuel Lloyd, 271.
Choyce, William, 46.
Christian Prelates of Baltiuobe

ON RuSSO-JEWISH PERSECXmON.

By B. H. Sartogensis, 4.
Chronicle, 276.

Clagett, Bp. Thomas, 199, 200.
Claiborne, Williaffli, 26 f., 172 f.,
257 #.

Claibobite: vs. Closest et als. m
THE High Court of Aduibalty,
26 ff., 172 257 ff.

Clspham, Jonas, 205.

Kitty (Cook), 205.

Clark, Ann, 240.

Joseph, 206, 208.

Clarke, Joseph, 204.

Claude, Abraham, 211, 214.

Clayton, Dobbin <S Company, pub-
lishers, 274.

Cleggett, (Hesselious), 211.

Clemments, Sallie (Wall), 211, 232.

Clinton, &en. Henry, 18, 19, 20.

Cloberry, William, 26^., 172 f.,
257 ff.

Coates, Thomas, 201.

Cobb, Howell, 323.

Cook, John, 346.

Cockes, Joseph, 39.

Colfax, Schuyler, 327.

Coleman, Mrs. Catherine, 116.

Collens, Richard, 47.

Collet, John, 348.

Richard. 348.

" Colleton," 348.

" Collets Points," 45.

Collett, John, 44, 45, 46, 48.

Collier, John, 47.

Collington Manor, 164, 165.

Collins, W. R., 8.

Colter, Ann (Clark), 240.
Henry, 240.

Commerce (ship), 234.

Conegocheague Manor, 164.

Constaple, John, 39.

362

MAETLAND HIST^ICAl MAGAZI3!fB.

Cony, Allexander, 47.
Cook, Mrs. George Hamilton (Jane
James), 51.

Kitty, 205.

Nancy, 217.
Corner, Thomas C, 57.
Cornwallis, Gapt., 347.

Thomas, 304.
Coubourne, William, 349.
Courtney, Rev. A. M., 8.
'• Cove Tract," 45.

Cowes, England, 283, 302, 306, 352.
Cowes, Eng., Eotary Club, 354.
Cowman, John, 207, 213, 214, 215,
219.

Crabb, Edward, 357.

Elizabeth, 357.

Elizabeth ( ), 357.

Henry, 357.

Jane, 357.

Margaret, 357.

Ealph, 357.

Thomas, 357.
Cranfleld, Edward, 304.
Craven, Avery Odell, 158.
Cromwell, Richard, 241.
Crooked Creek, 348.
Crooks, Esther J., elected, 278.
Crosland, Alice or Alicia, 285, 287,
289.

(Hawks worth), 287,

288, 289.
John, 285, 286, 289, 303.
Crowe, Lady Charlotte Lee (Cal-
vert), 297.
Christopher, 297.
Sarah, 297.
Cryst, Betsy (Pryce), 214.
Cugley, Daniel, 38.
Cull, Mabel F., 51.

Danby Wiske, Yorkshire, Eng., 286,
290.

Dance, Thomas, 201.

Dandy, John, 263.

Darby, Deberow, 214, 215.

Damall, B. Bennett, elected, 352.

Davcnant, John, 105.

Sir William, 101 ff.
Davidson, Major. 212.

Lt., 208.

Eleanor, 215, 239.
John, 55, 198, 203, 207,
209, 243.

Capt. John, 228.

Gen. John, 219, 220.
Kitty (Johnson), 212.
Maria (Griseam), 220.
Nelly, 211.

Davidson, Polly, 230.

Rebecca (Walker), 214,
217 218

William, 198, 211, 214,
218, 239.

Caroline V., 68.

Elizabeth, 68.
Dawkins, Walter I., 57.
Dawson, Capt. George, 22.
De Cross, Capt. Francis, 205.
Deering, Edward, 263.
Defence (ship), 36.
Delabarr, John, 189, 190.
Delew, Bev. Lewis, 8.
Dennis, John M., 57.

Samuel K., 57.
Dent, George, 216.
Derrell, Thomas, 304.
Deajardins, I., 47.

John, 346.
Dick, James, 166.

Dielman, Louis H., 55, 57, 280, 350.

Mrs. Louis H., 50, 51.
DiSFBANOHISEMENT IN MaBYLAND,

1861-67. By WaUam A. Russ, Jr.,
309.

Disney, Capt. James, 242.
Dix, Gen. John Adams, 310, 311, 312,
313.

Dixon, John, 47.
" Dixons Neck," 46.
Dobbin, Archibald, 273, 274.

Catherine, 275.

Catherine (Boee), 3, 275,
276.

George, 3, 274, 275, 276, 277.
George W., 276, 277.
Joseph Townsend, 277.
Margaret, 274, 276, 277.
Robert A., 275, 276, 277.
Susan, 274.
T. M., 277.
Thomas, 274, 275.
Dobbin and Eardin, publishers, 273,
274.

Dodge, George R., 312, 313.
Donahue, Father Patrick, J., 7, 8.
Donations, 49, 50, 52, 55, 66, 67,
70, 71, 72, 73, 278, 350, 353, 354.
Donop, Col., 23.
Doraey, Daniel, 212, 225.
Hester, 353.

Downes, Bridget ( ), 346.

Henry, 346.
Downes Branch, 346.
Drake, Sir Francis, 286.
"Drecut," 349.
Dnkebart, Morton McK., 277.

INDEX.

363

Dulany, Daniel, 143, 146, 154, 156,
157, 163, 164, 167, 169, 170.
Walter, 170, 237.
Dunkerton, William, 47, 348, 34«,
Dunn, Robert, 346.
Dunton, Dr. William Rush, Jr., 350,
351.

Durant, William, 113.
Durham Cathedral, Eng. (lUus.),
298

Duvail, Gabriel, 203, 209.

Lewis, 236,
Polly, 209.
Richard, M., 51, 57.
Sarah (Harwood), 236, 237.
Duveen, Lord Joseph, 306.

The Bably History of the Bami-

iiOBE American. By Thomas D.

Pennimm, 272.
Baely Maryland Newspapers.

Oomp. ly Q-eorge 0. Keidel, Ph. D.,

119, 244, 328
Bastport, Md., 113.
Baton, Jeremiah, 46, 48.

Maria Lovell, 59, 65.
" Baton Family Room," 59, 65.
Bddis, William, 157, 106.
Bden, Sir Timothy, 306.
Edmondson, John, 230.

Susan (Howard), 230.
Edmonson, Archibald, 282.
Edmunds, James R., Jr., elected, 280.
Bldesley, Henry, 48, 345, 346, 348,
349

Parneil ( ), 345, 349.

Elizabeth, Queen of England, 283 if.
BUet, Vincent, 48.
Ellis, Rev. Dr. F. M., 7.

Peter, 48.
The English Beginnings of Mart-
land. By Mrs. Arthur B. BiVbins,
283.

Brrickson, John, 349.
Bssary, Mrs. J. Frederick, elected,
351.

Ettings, Ruben, 239.
Evans, Joseph, 233.
Bvatt, Woodward, 241.
Bvelin, Cavt. George, 16, 26 ff.,
172 ff., 260 ff.
Mountjoy, 260, 261, 262,
263, 264, 265.
Swell, David, 268

Frances, 268.
Jesse, 268.
Margaret, 268.
Rachel (Weems), 268.

extbacts fkom diaby of wlixjam
Fabis of Annapolis, Mabtland,
197.

Fairfax of Cameron, JStfc goron,

Albert Kirby, 352.
" Fareall," 347.
Faris, Abigail,

Ann, 198.

Charles, 197

Hiram, 197 if.

Maria, 243.

Nancy, 204

Priscilla (Woodward), 197.
Rebecca, 198, 200, 201.
St. John, 198]?.
Owpt. St. John, 290 ff.

William, 197 f .

Mrs. William, 214.
Farling, Gapt., 221.
" Fawnmouth," 347.
Fendall, Copt. Josias, 345. ,
Fendall's Creek, 47, 347.
Fenhagen, 6. Corner, 57.
Ferfax, Nicholas, 304.
Fessenden, William Pitt, 324.
" Fills Choyce," 47.
Findlay, John V. L., 4.
FiKST "Settlement of Ye Planta-
tions OF PiSCATAWX ANT) WOOD-

BEiDOE, Olde East New Jersey.
Orra Eugene Monnette, 365.
Fisher, William, 48.
Fitzhugh, Perry, 222, 237.

Vol. William, 200, 20T),
210. 227.
Fleming, Kitty, 198.
Flvnn, Mrs. James Martin, elected,
50.

Focke, Ferdinand B., 57, 282.
Ford, Thomas, 44.

Fobman, Henry Chandlee. Seven-
'teenth and Eighteenth Century
Architecture oi Maryland, 355.

Forman, Henry Chandlee, elected,

352.

Forney, John Wien, 322.
Fort Constitution, N. J., 15, 18.
Fort Cumberland, Md., 162.
Fort Cumberland, N. S., 19, 22.
Fort Frederick, Md., 279.
Fort Kniphausen, N. S., 22.
Fort Lee, N. J., 18, 20.
Fort Washington, N. J., 15, 17.
Poster, Mrs E. Edmunds, 51.

James W, 266.
Foster's Creek, 48.
Fouch, Hugh, 46.

4

364

MABYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.

Founding or Maryland. Matthew

Page Andrews, 356.
Fowler, Fanny, 214.

Jubb, 199.

Laurence Hall, 57.
Frailey, Leonard, 275.
Franklin, Dr. Fabian, 4.
Frazer, (Duekett), 210.

Joshua, 224.

Samuel, 210.
Frick, George Arnold, 57.
Friedenwald, Dr. Aaron, 8.
Frisbie, James, 46, 48, 348, 347, 348,
349.

Fulton, Charles C, 276, 277.
Funk, Mrs. Joseph J., elected, 50.

Gale, Matthew, 210.
. Galloway, Samuel, 166.
Gardner, Gapt., 210, 219, 226.

Betsey (Goldsmith), 210.
Garret or Gerret, Robert, 46.
Garret, Rutgers, 345.
Garrett, John W., 52, 67.
Gassaway, Betsy, 208, 213.

Elizabeth, 207, 213.

Polly, 211, 213.

Rebecca, 200, 208, 210,
213.

Gasson, Betsy, 220.
Gassoway, Elizabeth, 230.

Elizabeth (Price), 232.
Oapt. John, 228, 232.
Polly, 239.
Rebecca, 227.
Gastin, Mrs. Ann, 228.
Elizabeth, 234.
George, 228.
Thomas, 201.
Geddis, David, 200, 202.
George, John, 347.
George Washington Bi-OentennmX

Commission, 59, 65.
Gerard, Richard, 303, 304.

Sir Thomas, 303, 304.
Ghislin, Deborah, 206.
Kittie, 198.

Nancv (Robertson), 227.
Dr. Reverdy, 201, 214, 218,
227, 231. 238, 242.
Gibbons, Cardinal James, 4, 5, 7.
Gibson, Miles, 345, 349.
GiDDEiTS, Paul H. Land Policies and
Administration in Colonial Mary-
land, 1753-1769, 142.
Qift of God (ship), 205.
Gilbert, John, 46.

Thomas, 347.

Gilder, Elizabeth Emma, 3.

Capt. Reuben, 3.
Giles, Emma, 49.

Gittings, Elizabeth Mary Bose, 3.

Gives, William, 345.

Glass, David W., 6.

Glidden, Edward H., Jr., elected, 352.

Glover, William, 238.

Goddard, Mary, 272.

William, 272.
Godfrey, John, 349.
Godman, Capt, 226.
Gold, George M., 320.

Peter, 230.
Golder, Archibald, 206, 208, 216, 219.
Goldsberry, 203, 204.

(Worthington), 203.

Goldsborough, Maria (Thomas), 238.
Thomas, 238.

Goldsmith, , 212, 218, 219.

Ann, 220.
Betsey, 210.
George, 348.
Thomas, 45, 226.
William, 223.
Goldsmith's Branch, 346.
Goodrich, Thomas M., elected, 353.
Gordon, John, 25.

Capt. John, 241.
Gorsuch, Charles, 349.
Robert, 349.
Sarah, 280.
Gough, Harry Dorsey, 49. :
Goulding, Mary, 3.

Patrick, 3.
Gouldsmith, George, 44, 45, 46, 47.
Nathaniell, 44.
Samuel, 44.
Grabell, Oapt. Philip, 239.
Gramer, Cuttlep, 243.

Frederick, 237.
Grammer, Rev. Dr. Julius N., 7.
Gray, John, 268.

M. Dorcas, 269.
Richard, 219.

(Richardson), 219.

Green, Mrs. 212, 214.
Miss, 211.
Anne, 229.

Samuel, 211, 213, 213.

Thomas, 113.
Greene, Henry, 304.
Greenway, William H., 57.
Gresham, Thomas B., 67.
Griffith, R. R., elected, 850.
Grinder, Thomas, 259.
Griscam, Maria, 220.
Griswold, B. Howell, Jr., 57.

ISWSiX.

365

Griswold, B. Howell, Jr. A Mary-
land Governor Who Never Gov-
erned, 101, 279.

"The Grove," 46.

Guard, Percy, 8.

Gundry, Gideon, 44, 47, 349.
Joseph, 345.

Gunpowder Manor, 164.

Guynn, Capt. John, 228.

Hagar, Jonathan, 157, 158.
Haines, Nathan, 322.
Hakluyt, Richard, 290.
Hale, Nathan, 10.
Hall, Henry, 166.

John, 222, 223.
Capt. John, 304.
HAtsEY, Dr. K. T. Haines. The
Restoration of Somewood and
Customs in Colonial Times i«
Maryland, 52.
Hamersley, Hugh, 171.
Hamilton, Capt., 220, 228.

Mrs. 208, 229.
Col. Sir Robert, 24.
William T., 324.
Hammon, Thomas, 212.

William, 212.
Hammond, J., 201.
Hancock, James E., 57, 353, 354.
Hannah, Capt. U., 209.
HaiiBCM, William, 198.

Miss , 241.

Alexander C, 202, 241.
Mrs. EUener, 215.
William, 213, 214, 215.
" The Happie Harbour," 48.
Harbore Creek, 45.
Barford County Historical Society,
352.

Harris, Eleanor (Davidson), 215,
219, 239.
George, 348, 349.
Isaac, 243.
Thomas, 211, 215.
W. Hall, 49 3?., 278, 279,

280, 360, 351, 353, 354.
Rev. Dr. William, 8.
Harrison, George, 57.

Lucy Harwood, 53, 54, 60.
Margaret, 268.
Rachel, 271.
Richard, 271.
Harrold, Mrs. Lily Sellers, elected,
279.

Hartogensis, B. H. Christian Prel-
ates of Baltimore on Russo-Jewish
Persecution, 4.

Harwood, Col., 229.

Major , 241.

Ann (Chapman), 240.

Anne (Green), 229.

Benjamin, 243.

John, 227.

Joseph, 240.

Mary (Brewer), 227.

Nancy, 229, 238, 239.

Nicholas, 108, 236, 23S,
239.

Polly, 239.

Richard, 229, 241.

Risdon, 214.

Sally (Callahoun), 241.

Sarah, 236.
Thomas, 31, 33, 239.

Capt. Thomas, 347.

William, 243.
"Haalemore," 46.
Haslewood, Henry, 46, 348, 349.
Hatch, John, 263.
Hawker, Thomas, 345.
Hawkins, John, 45, 46, 48, 348.

Joseph, 46.

Robert, 46, 348, 348.

Sarah, 48.
Hawksworth, William, 285, 288, 288.
Hawlie, Jerome, 304.
" Hay Downe," 346.
Hayes, Thomas G., 4.
Hayles, Thomas, 38.
Hearst, William R., 277.
Heath, Thomas, 348, 350.
Hehe (ship), 208.
Hedge, Thomas, 345.
Henderson, B. Harris, elected, 352.

Newton R., 56.
" Henns Roost," 44.
Henrietta Maria, Queen of England,

107, 117, 118, 295, 304.
Hens Island, 45.
Hepborne, James, 48.
Hepbourne, James, 345.
Herriott, John, 30.
Herrman, Augustine, 45, 46, 48, 346.
Hesselius, Betsey, 199.

Charlotte, 199.
Mary, 207.
Hicks, Mrs. Frederick C., elected, 56.

Gov. Thomas H., 310, 311, 312.
Hides. John, 205.
Hlggason, Jane, 224.
Higgs, John, 48.
Higinbotham, Margaret, 222.

Rev. Ralph, 200, 219,
238, 239.

Hilliary, Margaret (Crabb), 357.

366

MABTI.AKD MAdAZWE.

Hillen, John, 346.

Nathaniel, 347.
Hilles, Mrs. William S., elected, 352.
Hiskey, Thomas Foley, 3S4.
Hobeon, John, 263.
Eodgden, A. Dana, elected, 279.

Mrs. Alexander L., 278.
Hodgson, John, 345.
" Hogg Neck," 47.

Holbein, Sister M. Clotilde, elected,
353.

Holbrook, Capt Richard, 219, 220
Holland, Edward, 235.
G., 200.
Isaac, 240.
Hollon, Isaac, 240.
HoUyday, Dr. Leonard, 357.
Sarah, 357.
William, 166.
Worthington, elected, 279.
HoUzman, Charles H., 278.
Hooke House, Wiltshire, Eng., 308

(Illus.), 308.
Hooker,'Roland M., elected, SSI.
Hoopes, William, 271.
Hopkins, Betsey, 213.

Mrs. Eugene, elected, 52.
Gerrard, 213.

Henry Powell, elected, 52.

Joseph, 47.

Richard, 214.
Horton, Edward, 349.
"Hortons Fortune," 349.
Howard, Ann, 220.

Harvey, 237.

Henry, 47.
HOWAED, J. Spence. The Old Homes
in and around St. Mary's City and
County, 280.
Howard, John, 209.

Mariah, 242.

Mrs. Mary, 22.3.

Nancy, 215, 225.

Samuel, 212, 213, 220, 224,
230, 237.

Samuel Harvey, 237.

Susan, 230.

Thomas, see Arundell.
Howe, Gen. William, IZff.
Howell, Elizabeth, 45.

Thomas, 45, 348, 349.
Gapt. Thomas, 345.
Hughes, Joseph, 349, 350.
Humbert, D., 346.
Hunter, Nancy (Quynn), 222.
Hutchins, Margaret, 357.
Hyde, Thomas, 199, 212.

Iglehart, Dr. James D., 57, 280.

Ijams, Ella, elected, 352.
" Indian Range," 346.
Ingle, Capt. Richard, 115.
Eliza, 51.

William, 57, 277, 354.
Intelligencer, 275.
Ives, James, 47, 48.

Jackson, Fannie, 233.

Jacobus Creek, 47, 48.

James. Cardinal Gibbons, 4, 5, 7.

James, Rev., 192.

Charles, 45, 46, 48

Jane, 51.

John, 46, 47, 48, 349.

Macgill, elected, 280.
James I, King of England, 283 ff.
Jamin, Mrs. Violet Blair, 280.
Jarvis, John Wesley, 49.
Jeffery, Mrs. Elmore B., elected, 352.
Jenifer, Daniel, of St. Thomas, 170.
Jenings, Peter, 229.
Jesni^^s, James, 201, 202.

Thomas, 202, 221.
The Jewish Exponent, 5, 6, 7, 8.
Johns, Capt., 228, 229.
Johns, Abraham, 357.

Elizabeth, 357.

Jane, 357.

Joseph, 357.

Margaret, 357.

Margaret (Crabb), 357.

Margaret (Hutchins), 357.

Philip, 357.

Dr. Richard, 357.

Sarah (Hollyday), 357.

Thomas, 357.

William, 357.

Jdinson, Deborah ( ), 215, 237,

240.
H., 8.

John, 218, 349.
Kitty, 210, 212.
MoUie, 221.
JoHrrsoN, MairaoE. Roger B. Taney,
281.

Johnson, Reverdy, 218, 310, 324.
Robert, 229, 2B0.
Thomas, 215.
Johnston, Betsey (Hesselius), 199.

Deborah (Ghislin), 206,

207, 226.
George, 207, 212.
Mrs. George, 204, 207.
John, 206, 207.
Kitty (Ghislin, 198.
Robert, 198.
Thomas, 199.

367

Jones, Henry, 349.

Sir Inigo, 296, 207.

Isaac D., .

Kuth, elected, 50.

Thomas, 47.
Jordan, John Morton, 164, 171.

Judkins, Jane ( ), 346.

Obadiah, 346.

Kail, Mrs. Kate Randall, elected, 62.
Kane, George P., 311.
Karr, Capt., 237, 238, 239, 240.
Keidel, Dr. George C. Early Mary-
land Newspapers, 119, 244, 328.
Kelley, Polly, 200.
Kelly, J., 202.
Kelso Genealogy, 73, 196.
Kelty, Copt. John, 206, 207, 218, 220.
Kemp, John, 349.
Kempe, Henry, 45.
Kent County Manors, 166.
Kent Manor, 160, 164.
Kent Island, 26 ff., 172 ff., 257 ff.
Kerr, Abigail (Faris), 198, 230, 840,
243.

Alexander, 243.

Oapt. Archibald, 198, 239.

Charity, 243.
Keve, Thomas, 262.
Key, Francis Scott, 3, 239, 353, 334.
Mary Tayloe (Lloyd), 3, 227,
239

Philip, 163.
Keyser, H. Irvine (Port.), 65.
Kilbourn, Elbridge Gerry, 316.
King, Josiah, 207.
Kinley, H., 25.
Knapp, John, 205.

Polly, 208.
Knivelngton, Matthew, 347.
Kiplin Hall, Yorkshire, Eng., 286 ff.

Land Policies and Admiwistbation
IN Colonial Maryland, 1753-1769.
By Paul H. Oiddins, 142.

Lane, Capt. Luke, 267.

" The Last," 46.

Latrobe, Ferdinand C, 53.

Laud, William, Aip. of Oanterliury,
300.

Lawrence, Rev. E. A., 8.

Lazenby Hall, Yorkshire, Eng., 286.

Leake, Gwilthin ( ), 48, 346.

Richard, 48, 346.
LeakiH, Dr. George, 277.

J. Wilson, 277.

Margaret (Dobbin), 276,
277.

&en. Sheppard C, 276, 277.

Leakin, William Leonard Sioussat,
277.

Lee, Florence ( ), 347.

Oen. Henry, 21.
John, 347.

Lady Charlotte, 297.
Lee Astree (ship), 207.
Leftwich, Bev. Dr. J. T., 7.
L'Estrange, Joseph, 232.

Mrs. Joseph, 232.
Lewis, Thomas, 47.
Libby, Dr. George F., elected, 352.
Lile, Rev., 223.

Lincoln, Abraham, 309, 310, 314, 315,

319, 323.
Linoolne, Jonathan, 346.
Linney, Anthony, 30.
List of Membebs, 75,
" Little Drayton," 46.
Lloyd, Gen., 208.

Edward, 226.

Col. Edward, 145, 152, 154,

162f.
Henrietta, 229.
Mary Tayloe, 3, 227, 239.
PoUy, 239.

Sarah (Murray), 226.
Loney, Amos, 3.
Long, Thomas, 46, 48, 345, 349.
"The Lord Baltimore's Case Con-

coming the Province of Maryland,''

103.

Lovelace, Dudley, 48.
T., 48.

Lowndes, Edward Bredsenridge,

elected, 352.
Lynch, Andrew H., 311.
"Lynn," 47.

Macanaday, Dorothy, 47.

Phillip, 47.
McCening, Capt., 222.
McClain, Duncan, 200.
MeColgan, Mgr. Edward, 7.

W. W., 57.
Maeeubin, Maccubbin, Charles, 202,
216, 2.S.], 234.

Mrs. Elizabeth, 234.

Hunter, 226.

James, 49, 50, 205, 206.

Moses, 223, 226.

Nicholas, 49, 50, 240.

Sarah (Allen), 202, 234.
McFarland, G. B., 8.

William, 232.
McGill, P., 227.
McGrath, Patrick, 213, 214.
McHeard, Isaac, 199.
MeH^ury, Fraaeis D., 266.

368

MABYLAND Hl«T©«IOAIi MAGAZINE.

Mackall, R. McGill, 57.
Mackubin, Florence, 306.
MacLean, Dr. Angus L., elected, 353.
Macnemara, Michael, 235.
McParlin, William, 232.
Magreegory, James, 46, 347.
Mainster, Josephine, elected, 279.
Malinder, liev. Dacre, 288.
Manger, Alexander, 25.

Mann, Mrs. , 241.

George, 206, 212.
Manor of Kiplin, Yorkshire, £og.,
287.

Manors, Kent Co., 166.
Hants, Vincent, 263.
Marbury, William L., 55, 354.
" Marches Seat," 206.
Marcy, Qen. Randolph Barnes, 312.
Marine, Harriet P., 57.
Markle, Rev. Joseph, 269.
Marley, John, 45.

Thomas 46, 347.
Marree, Margaret, 227.
Marscord, Jane, 348.

John, 347.
'■ Marshall Seat," 266.
" Marshes Seat," 265.
Marston, Dr. James 6., elected, 50.
Martin, Alexander, 272, 273, 274.
Marye, Elizabeth Mary Bose (Cut-
tings), 3.
William Boae, 1, 57, 277.
William Nelson, 3.
Maryland Charter, 299 if.
Maryland Gazette, 197.
A Maryland Governor Who Nb:veb

Governed. By B. Howell Oria-

wold, Jr., 101, 279.
Marj/Uind Journal and Baltimore

Advertiser, 272.
Maryland Newspapers, 119, 244, 328.
Maryland Tercentenary Commission

287, 352.

Mason, , 241.

John, 217.

Nancy (Murray), 217.
" Mates Angle," 347.
Mathiason, Olliver, 48.
Mathews, Edward B., 57.
Matthews, Sir Toby, 284, 296.,
Maybury, Capt. Beriah, 231.
Mayflower (ship), 36, 191.

Maynadier, , 212.

T. Murray, 57.
Maynard, James, 238.
Meagher, John, elected, 351.
Medcalfe, John, 304.
Merrick, Thomas, 210.
Middlefield, Thomas, 46.
Mile Manor, 163.

Mill Manor, 164.
Milligan, John J., 49, 51.
Mills, Cornelius, 226, 230, 240.
Milton, John, 115, 116.
Moale, Ann (Howard), 220.

Kancy (Howard), 225,
Gol. Samuel, 220.
Mc^?, Joseph, 199.
Monnette Family, 357.
MoNNKTTE, Obba Euoene. First

Settlement of Ye Plantations o{

Piscatawy and Woodhridge, 01^

East New Jersey, 355.
Monrow, Fannie, 225.
Moore, Mrs. Joseph Earle, elected,

351.

Moorehead, David, 260.
Morgan, Abraham, 346,

Howell, 262.

Jarvis, 48.

Richard, 45.

William, 347,
Morley, Thomas, 45, 47.
Morrow, Fanny (Whitcroft), 219.

Thomas, 219.
Morse, Silas M., 8.
Morton, Sir Albert, 29G.

Matthew, 346.
Mt. Clare (Carroll Park), 49, 50.
Miidd, Dr. Joseph, 267.

Willimina (Weems), 267,
Mullikin, Kent R., elected, 353.
Munsey, Frank, 277.
Murphy, Francis, 274.

John, 274, 277.

Thomas, 274, 27.5, 276, 277.
Murray, 25.

Dr. James, 199, 203, 218,
221, 226.

Nancy, 217.

Sarah, 226.
Muskeeto Creek, 348.
Muth, Cecilia M., elected, 352.

Myers, , 237.

Willis E., 280.
Mynne, Anne, 289, 296.

George, 289.
Mytens, Dani«l, 283, 283.

Nancy (ship), 273, 278.
Nanticoke Manor, 164.
Nash, Richard, 345, 346.
national Tntelligencer, 2.
Neale, Capt. James, 118.

Jonathan, 347.
Necrology, 51, 54, 278, 280.
" Neves Choyce," 47.
New Windsor, Carroll Co., 313.
Newspapers, Bm-ly Maryland, 119,
244.

369

Nicholetts, Charles, 47.
Nicolai, Charlotte B., 55.
NicoUs, Mathias, 48.
Noland, Henrietta ( Smallwood ) ,
281.

Norman, William W., 280.
Notes, Reviews and Quebies, 74,
196, 281, 355.

"Oakinton," 345.
Odell, Walter G., 51.
Ogel, 203.

Mary, 243.
Ogle, Benjamin, 217.

Nancy (Cook) 217.
" Old Harbour," 284.
Omeely, Bryant, 46.
Omeely's Creek, 46, 347.
O'Neal, Lawrence, 210.
Onion, 210, 233.

Charity, 216.
John, 207, 232.
Orme, Elizabeth (Johns), 357.
Orriok, Priscilla, 197.
Osborne, William, 347.
" Oulcotes, parish Arneelif," York-
shire, Enp:., 287.
OiB Earliest Colonial Settle-
ments. Charles M. Andrews, 355.

Overton, Hanna ( ), 349.

Thomas, 348, 349.
Owen, John, 45, 47, 48, 345.
Owens, Julia, 244.
Juliet, 243.
T. D., 8.

Owens, , 214, 218, 221, 223, 233.

Owings, , 239, 241, 282.

Paca, Gov. William, 55, 226.
Page, William C, 57.
Paine, James R., elected, 352.
Palmer, William, 46, 48, 347.
Pancaya Manor, Charles Co., 163.
Pangarah Manor, 164.
Paret, Bp. William, 7.
Parker, Mrs. George (Emma Giles) ,
49.

Robert, 213.
Parks, William, 119.
Parran, Young, 161.
Parry, Edward, 262.
Pate, William, 48.
Paterson, Col., 11, 12.
Paul, John Oilman D'Arcy, 52, 55.
Peabody Institute, 277, 351.
Pearl (ship), 15.
Pearse, Joseph, 46.
Pechin, Christophe, 278.

Jean Christophe, 273.

William, 273, 275, 276, 277.

Pechin and Frailey, publishers, 275.

Pechin, Dohhin, Murphy and Bose,
publishers, 276, 277.

Peirce, William, 47, 48.

Peircey, Joseph, 345.

Penington, Henry, 48.

Penniman, Nicholas G., 277.

Thomas D., 3.

Penniman, Thomas D. The Early
History of the Baltimore Ameri-
can, 272.

Perry, Mrs. Esther E., elected, 279.

William, 230.
Perry, Whmam G. Rockefeller
Restoration Work at Williamshurg,
Va. 351.
" Perry Hall," 49.
Peterson, Hanse, 346.
Pettey, John, 204.
Phelps, Thomas, 347.
Pigman, Rev. Ignatius, 269.
Pinkeney, Anthony, 228.

Nancy, 212.
Ninian, 239.
Polly (Gassoway), 239.
Robert, 203.
William, 203.
Pitt, Ann (Faris), 198, 224.
Ann Priscilla, 224.
Faris, 243.

Hannah, 234, 236, 240, 243.

John, 243.

Maria, 233.

Nancy (Berrey), 237.

Nancy (Faris), 219, 224, 228,

229, 231, 242.
Priscilla Ann, 228.
R. M., 243.
Rebecca, 234.
Richard, 237.
Sallv, 240, 243.

William, 202, 210, 211, 218,
219, 228, 230, 235, 236, 238.
William Faris, 240, 241.
Gapt. William, 198, 219, 220.
Plater, Gov. George, 198, 200.
Pleasants, J. Hall, 49, S8, S7, 102,
198, 244.

Pleasants, Skipwith Wilmer, elected,
350.

Pollock, Edwin T., 357.
Poole, 219.

Jane (Higgason), 224.

John, 347.
"Port Rovall," 346.
Porter, William, 262.
Powell, John, 47, 48.

Dr. Noble C. elected, 353.
Prescott, Gen. Robert, 11, 18.

370

MARYLAND HISTOWGAL MAGAZINE.

Price, , 213.

Elizabeth, 232.
Lottie, 215.
Thomas, 202.
Proceedings of the Mabyland
Court of Appeals, 1626-1729. Md.
hy Carroll T. Bond, 356.
Proceedings of the Society:

November 14, 1932 49

December 12, 1932 52

January 9, 1933 55

February 13, 1933 56,278

February 13, 1933 (Annual

Meeting ) 66

March 13, 1933 279

April 10, 1933 280

May 8, 1933 350

October 9, 1933 351

November 13, 1933 351

December 11, 1933 353

" The Prospect," 349.

Proudfit, Bev. Alexander, 7, 8.
"Providence," 113.
Pryce, Betsey, 214.

Thomas, 201.
Pryor, Margarett, 44.

Thomas, 44, 346.
Pullman, Rev. R. H., 8.
Purdum, Bradley K., 280.

Queen Anne Manor, 164.
Quinlan, L. G., 310.
Quynn, Mrs., 217.

Allen, 199, 208, 219, 242.

Harriott, 242.

Nancy, 219, 222.

Eadoliffe, George L., 53, 57, 279.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 290, 292, 296.
Randall, Daniel R., 57.
Randel, John, 236.
Rankin, Mary, 243.

Mrs. Mary, 228.

Polly, 241.
Reed, Bev. James, 268.
Reeder, Charles M., 57.
Reese, John S., 51.
A Belation of Maryland, 1636, 303,
304.

Report of the Council, 68, 69, 60.

Beports of Committees:

Addresses 73

Athenaeum 64

Finance 68

Gallery of Art 65

Genealogy and Heraldry 70

Library 67

Membership 70

Publications 69

Treasurer 60

Bepulae, {ahif), 15.
Reves, Bdward, 47.
Richardson, Mrs. Hester Dorsey (Al-
bert Levin), 363.
Thomas, 347.
Rideout, John, 205.
Ridgely, Carnan, 204, 209, 215.

Jane (Johns), 357.
Ridgley, Dr. John, 233.

Elizabeth, 240.

John, 223.

Lydia, 226.

Richard, 226, 229.
Ridout, John, 226.

Samuel, 202, 230.
Riegel, John, 222.
Riggs, Clinton L,, 55, 280.

Lawrason, 57.
Ritchie, Gov. Albert C, 352.
Rittenhouse, James, elected, 352.
Roberts, Dr. Jonathan, 224.
Robertson, Elisha, 227.

Nancy, 227.
Robinson, Capt., 238.

ROCKEPELLEE INSTITUTE RESTORA-
TION Work at Williamsbubo, Va.
William G. Perry, 351.
Rodgers, Capt., 217.
Rogers, John, 346.

Capt. John, 211.
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 352.
Ross, John, 202.

Mrs. Magge, 208.
William, 201.
Rotary Club, Baltimore, 354.
Rowles, 229.

Susan, 231.
Royden, Matthew, 262.
Rumley Creek, 346.
Rumsey, Thomas, 347.
"Rupalta," 44.
"Rupalto," 44.

RiTSS, William A., Jr., Disfranchise-
ment in Maryland, 1861-67, 309.
Russell, Foffter William Thomas, 113.
Ryan, William P., 278.
Ryley, John, 347.

St. Augustine Branch, Balto. Co., 47.
St. Barbara's Manor, 164.
St. Clement's Island, 283.

St. Dunstan's in the West, London,

Ens., 301.
St. Harman's Point, Balto. Co., 47.
St. John's Manor, 164.
St. Mary's City, 115, 283.
St. Mary's (West) Manor, 164.
Saire, William, 304.
Sallaway, Anthony, 44.
Salmon, Thomas, 46, 47, 48, 345 ff.

371

Salsbury, Sarah ( ), 347, 348.

William, 345, 347, 348.
Sanders, Robert, 48.
Sands, William, 221.
Sandys, Sir Edwin, 294, 300.
Sangston, Lawrence, 311.
Sara and Elizabeth (ship), 28, 29,
260.

Saunders, John, 304.

" Savins Rest," 47.

Scarlorough (ship), 22.

Scarbrough, John, 262.

Schenck, Gen. Robert Camming, 314,

315, 316.
Schneeberger, Rev. Dr. H. W., 8.
Scisco, Lotris Dow. Baltimore

County Land Records of 1672, 44.
Soisoo, Louis Dow. Baltimore

County Land Records of 167S, 345.
Scott, Dr. Upton, 214, 235.

Gen. Winfield, 310.
Seney, Joshua, 229.
Sedwell, Roger, 349.
Selman, Leonard, 243.

Mary (Rankin), 243.
Semmes, Raphael, 57.
Seventeenth and Eighteenth Cen-

TUBY AbCHITECTDBE OF MABTIAND.

Eewry Chandlee Forman, 356.

Seward, William, 310, 311.

Sejrmour, Gapt. R. Martin, 24.

Shaaf, Dr. John Thomas, 205, 208.

Shakespeare, William, 102, 105, 106.

Shaller, Joshua, 348.

Sharpe, Gov. Horatio, 143 ff.

Shaw, James, 211.

John, 201, 227.

Peggy ( ) Stewart, 227.

Shelton, Thomas, 346.

Sheppard, John, 74.

Mercy L., 74.

Sherwood, George. American Colon-
ists in English Records, 196.

Shock, Catherine, 2.
Magdalen, 2.
William, 2.

" Shoulder of Mutton Inn," 286.

Showacre, Mrs. Elizabeth Bertilin,
elected, 50.

Shkiver, J. Alexis. The Old Houses
of Earford County, 280.

Shriver, J. Alexis, 56, 57, 279, 280,
351, 352, 354, 355.

Sibell, Henry, 223.

Sidney, Sir Philip, 106.

Sidwell, Roger, 349.

Sill, Howard, 198.

Silvaine, Daniell, 47.

Simms, Major Joseph, 204.

Sinnett, Gapt., 200.
Skeel, Mrs. Emtlx E. Foed. Mason
Locke Weems, his Works and
Ways, 266.
Skilling, Dr. William Quail, 278.
Skirven, Percy G., 57.
Smallwood, Elizabeth Garland, 282.
Henrietta, 281.
Ledstone, 281, 282.
Gov. William, 198.
Smith, C. S., 357.

Mrs. Ida Austin, 282.
Rev. J. Allison, 8.
Jane (Crabb), 357.
Nathaniel, 236.
Robert, 230.
Thomas, 264, 265.
Snow Commerce (ship), 208.
Snow Hill Manor, 164.
Snowden, John, 166.

Thomas, 166.
Sollers, Basil, elected, 353.
Sothoron, £. H., 352.
Southebe, William, 346.
Sower, Charles, 135.
Spa Creek, 113.
SpiUcer, Julia E., elected, 352.
Sprigg, Deborah, 232.

Elizabeth, 206.
Richard, 166, 219.
Dr. William Mercer, elected.
352.

Spry, Oliver, 47.

" Spryes Marsh," 347.

Stanly, William, 48.

Stanton, Edwin McMasters, 311.

Star Spangled Banner, 276, 353, 354.

Steelpone Bay, 45, 46.

Steelpone Creek, 47.

Stehman, Mrs. Catherine Bibb, elect-
ed, 56.

Steiner, Bernard C, 55.

Stcuart, Dr. George, 145, 163, 166,
169, 170.

Stevens, Thaddeus, 321, 322,
Vatchell, 215, 217.

Stevenson, John, 166.

Stewart, Charles, 229.

Capt. John, 217, 227.
Peggy ( ), 227.

Stiklpkamp, Mense, 348.

Stiles, Nathaniell, 44, 45, 47.

Sterling, Archibald, 318, 319.

Stiruns, Gen., 20.

" Stoakley Manner," 48.

Stodcett, Francis, 44.

Henry, 44, 205.
Eatherine, 44.

$72

MASTXAND UimmmOAL KA&AZIKi:.

stone, Gen. Charles Pomeroy, 312.

Gov. WlUlam, 113, 114, 216.
Stony Point, 348.
Stow, John Carroll, elected, 351.
Strand, Abraham, 346.
Stratton, Rev. Lewis, 270.
Studebaker, Rev. A. H., 7, 8.
Sturman, John, 262.

Thomas, 262.
Sullivan, Gen. John, 11.
Sumner, Charles, 324.

Joseph, 46.
Supplee, Gapt. J. Prank, 8.
Swan Creek, 345, 346, 347.
" Swan Harbour," 47.
Swann, Gov. Thomas, 315, 320, 324,

325, 326.
" Swanson," 47.
Swanson, Edward, 47.
Syms, Richard, 47.
Szold, Babbi Benjamin, 8.

Henrietta, 8.

Talbot, Grace (Calvert), 297.
Sir Robert, 297.
Walter Cecil, 297.
Taldersby, Thomas, 349.
Talterby, Thomas, 350.
Taney, Roger B., 281.
Tarkenton, John, 47.
Tasker, Benjamin, 166.
Tavernor, Oapf. Henry, 29.
Tayler, Phillipp, 38.
Taylor, John, 47, 345.
Ludwell, 239.
Robert, 345.
Thomas McNear, 238.
"Taylors Delight," 345.
" Taylors Mount," 45, 46, 47, 347.
Telegraph and Daily Advertiser, 274.
Telson, Roger, 231.
Tench Tilghman's Ride. By B.

Lairoie Weston, 138.
Tevis, Col. C. C, 315, 316.
Thom, DeCourcy Wright, 60.
Thomas, Gen., 9.
Thomas, Betsey, 217.

Rev. C F., elected, 352.
David, 349, 359.
Elizabeth, 239, 241.
James, 237, 239, 241.
Capt. James, 216, 221, 227,

231, 238.
Col. John, 227.
John L., 327.
Maria, 212, 221, 238.
Philip F., 323, 324.
Richard Henry, elected,
278.

Thompson, H. Oliver, 55.

James C, elected, 352.
Joseph C, 74.
Maurice, 189, 191.
Mercy L., 74.
Dr. Robert, 281.
Ruhamah, 74.
Sarah, 74.
Gen. William, 281.
Thomsen, John Jacob, Jr., 278.
Thomson, Capt. Alexander, 74.
Charles, 242.
Deborah (Chapline), 74.
John, 74.

Ruhamah (Chapline), 74.
Rev. Samuel, 74, 281.
Rev. William, 281.
Thornbury, Delmar L., elected, 351.
Thurrell, Richard, 46.
Thurston, Thomas, 349.
Tilden, Dr. Charles, 237.

Harvey (Howard), 237.

Louisa Harvey, 237.
Tilghman, Edward, 151, 152.
Mathew, 170.
Tench, 138.
Tillar, John, 47.
Tillard, John, 47.
Todd, Anna, 46.
Tome, Peter E., 57.
Tootel, Mrs. Ann, 224, 240.

John, 209, 213.
Tompson, Capt., 234.
Torrence, Robert M., elected, 353.
Torson, Andrew, 347.
Torson's Creek, 347.
Toulson, William, 45, 347.
Towers, John, 47.
Townsend, Thomas, 223.
Tracey, Arthur, elected, 350.

Samuel, 46, 47, 347.
Travers, Capt., 205.
Trimble, Gen. Isaac Ridgeway, 314.
Troute, Thomas, 349.
Trum, Major, 207.
Truman, Capt. AUex, 198, 199.
Trumbull, Lyman, 324.
" The Tryangle," 348.
"Tryumph," 46, 348.
Tuck, William, 223, 224.
Tudor Hall, Belair, Harford Co., 352.
Turgis, Simon, 189, 190.
"Turkey Hill," 349.
" Turkey Point," 348.
Turnbuil, Pollv, 227.
Turtle, Robert, 260, 262, 265.
Tuttle, Rev. A. H., 8.
" Two Necks," 348.
Tyler, Mri. JeAn Paul, ^eeted, 351.

373

Tyrconnell, Earl of, see Carpenter.
Tyrrell, Anthony, 303.
Tyson, A. Morris, 57.

Ubancke, Henry, 195.
Urie, John D., 353.
Urlnson, Neales, 45.
Utle, Barnard, 348.

George, 46, 349.

Kathaniel, 345.

Vandyck, Sir Anthony, 305.
Vanheck, John, 44, 45, 46, 47, 345,
346, 347, 348.

Sarah ( ), 345.

Verulam, Lc/rd, see Bacon, Franeui.
Viatt, Rev., 240.
Vincent, John M., 57.

Walker, Edward, 39.

Henry M., eleoied, 353.

John, 263.

Rebecka, 214.
Wall, Sallle, 211.

Wallace, Charles, 199, 204, 223, 228,
. 238, 239.
George, 271.
Gen. Lew, 316.

Mary ( ) Rankin, 228.

Walters, Henry, 353, 354.
Ward, Elizabeth R., elected, 279.
Hamilton, 322.
Henry, 46, 48, 345, 346, 347.
Mathew, 45.
Wardour Castle, Wiltshire, Eng., 306

(Illus), 307, 308.
Warf, Bllinor (Brewer), 219.

James, 219.
Warfleld, 206, 217.
Warner, Mr.i. Theodore, 55.
Warrick, Mrs. James M., elected, 353.
Warthan, Nicholas, 205.
Washington, George, 56, 209, 2SB.
Washington (ship), 22.
Waters, Francis E., 57.

Mrs. Jane (Woodward),

232.
Nathan, 210.
Waterton, John, 45, 47, 345, 347.
Watkins, Edward, 302.

Stephens, 203.
Watson, James, 346.
Wvmen, Charles, 211.
Webster, John, 347.
Weeden, Oliver, 203, 204, 209, 225.

Weems, , 230.

Ann, 267.

David, 266, 267, 268, 269,
270, 271.

David Gustavus, 270.
Dolly, 271.

Dorcas ( ), 270, 271.

Easter ( ), 267, 268.

Elizabeth (Eidgley), 240,
266, 267.

Ester, 267, 268.

George, 268.

George Gray, 269.

Gustavus, 265, 266, 268, 269.
270, 271.

Harriette, 265.

James, 240, 266.

Jane Dorcas, 269.

Rev. J. 0. Summers Gus-
tavus, 270.

John, 214, 224, 266.

Lock, 266.

M. Dorcas (Gray), 269.
Margaret, 269, 271.
Margaret (Harrison), 268.
Margaret J., 269.
Mason, 268.
Mason Lock, 268.
Rev. Mason Lock, 265, 206.
Rachel, 268.
Rachel (Harrison), 271.
Rachel Thompson, 269.
Richard, 214, 267.
Sidney, 268.
Susannah, 267.
Theodore, 268.
Theodore Mason, 269.
Thomas Lane, 267.
William, 266, 267.
Willimina, 267.
Weems Bible, 265, 266.
Weems Genealogy, 265.
Welch, Dr. William H., 105.
Weld, Rev. Charles R., 8.

Mrs. Charles R., 56, 65.
Wells, Daniel, 237.

Gapt. George, 45, 46.
James, 347.
John, 226, 230, 242.
Ri^ard. 229.
Susan, 237.
Welsh, H., 202.

William, 347.
Werner, Charles J., eleoted, 352.

West, , 218.

David, 243.

Henrietta (Lloyd), 229.
James, 199, 238.
Gapt. James, 214. 216.
Pesrtrv (Wittacor), 216.
Philip. 263.
Richard, 229.
West St. Mary's Manor, 164.

374:

MABTLATTD HI§TOBICAL MAGAZINE.

WESTOif, B. Latbobk Tench Tilgh-

man's Ride, 138.
Weymouth, Thomas, 47, 48.
Weyry, Capt., 26.
Wheeler, Jack, 231.
Whitcroft, Burton, 218.

Dorothy, 213.

Fanny, 209, 210, 217, 219.

Henry, 219, 225.

Katie, 222.

Kitty, 211.

Sallie, 210, 217.

Sarah (Whitcroft), 219.

William, 203, 205, 207,
218, 225, 280, 231, 282,
239.

White, Father Andrew, 801, 3^.
White, Henry, 46.

James, 346.

Lewis, 39.

Thomas, 262.
White Plains Manor, 165.
Whyte, Gov. William P., 4.
Wild, Abraham, 46, 47.
Wilkenson, Charles, elected, 278.
Witkins, Ura. Oner, 199.
Polly, 203.
William, 203.
WUUam and Mary (ship), 11.
Williams, Elizabeth (Thomas), 239,
241.

Hugh, 44, 45, 347.

James, 202, 204, 207, 209.

Capt. Jamea, 228.

Lodowick, 47.

Rowland, 47, 346.

Thomas, 39, 239.
Williamsburg, Va., 351.
Williamson, William, 263.
"Williamston," 45.
Willmore, 240.

Jonathan, 208.
Willse, Dr. Raymond Gerard, elected,
353.

Willson, Robert, 44.

Thomas, 219.
Wilmot, Wilmott, , 200.

Elizabeth, 233.
Wilson, , 223.

Thomas, 208.

Mrs. William Thomas, 350.
Wimes, William, 206.
Winans, Thomas, 53.
Windebank, Bt. Hon. Francis, 307.
Windlestone Hall, Yorkshire, Eng.,
305, 306.

Winebrenner, D. Charles, elected, 50.
Winley, Richard, 46, 347.
Winn, Bev. David Watson, 49.

Elizabeth Jarvis, 49, 50.
Wintour, La'dy Anne, 303, 304.
Edward, 303, 304.
Frederick, 303, 304.
Wiseman, Henry, 304.

Sir Thomas, 304.
Wittacor, feggy, 216.
Wolfe, Capt., 26.
Wood, Anthony, 288, 289.
Woodcock, Harry, 198.
Woodward, 201.

Abraham, 197.
Daisy, 51.
Henry, 203, 222.
Jane, 232.
Peter, 242.
Priscilla, 197.
Priscilla (Orrick), 197.
Thomas, 211, 213, 232,
233.

William, 200, 222, 229.
Wool Cote Manor, 164.
"Woolfes Neck," 347.
Woolsey Manor, St. Mary's Co., 163,
164.

"The Worlds End," 45.

Worthington, John, 222.

Nicholas, 203.

Worton Creek, 47, 347, 348.

Wrath, Elizabeth, 48.

James, 48, 349.

Wrayeth, James, 348.

Wright, Major, 208.

Betsy, 206, 207.
Nicholas, 263.
Richard, 348.

Weoth, Lawrence C. History of
Printing in Colonial Mary-
land, 119.

Wyatt, Thomas, 39.

Yates, Thomas, 206, 229.
Yellott, Capt., 220, 221.
Youghiogheny River, 163.
Young, Dr. Hugh Hampton, 306.

Mrs. James (Sarah Gor-
such), 280.

Liddia, 214.

Polly TurnbuU, 227.

Zachariah Manor, 164.
Zoest, Gerard, 302, 305.